School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.
Mycorrhiza. 2014 Jan;24(1):1-11. doi: 10.1007/s00572-013-0505-z. Epub 2013 May 30.
Understanding of the ecology of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi comes primarily from the order Glomerales, and relatively little is known of the ecology of other orders including the Paraglomerales. We investigated the distribution of the Paraglomerales across the English agricultural landscape under different management systems. Soils were collected from 11 tilled agricultural sites. Presence of Paraglomerales was assessed using PCR amplification of 18S/ITS region ribosomal DNA isolated from trap plants, terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism and cloning. Paraglomus spp. were detected in all samples from one location and sporadically in six more, but not at the other locations. Distribution was not related to soil physiochemical characteristics, but the Paraglomaceae were significantly more common in soils under organic management. Cloning of samples from three sites produced sequences closely related to Paraglomus laccatum but only distantly related to Paraglomus brasilianum and Paraglomus occultum. Individual sites had between 10 and 27 separate terminal restriction fragments (T-RFs). The large number of T-RFs reflected a significant sequence diversity in the ITS region. Paraglomerales were, therefore, widely distributed across the agricultural landscape, though with patchy distribution and low diversity. More intensive agricultural management appeared to impact negatively on Paraglomus spp.
对丛枝菌根真菌生态学的了解主要来自球囊霉目，而对包括丛块霉目在内的其他目真菌的生态学了解相对较少。我们调查了丛块霉目在不同管理系统下的英国农业景观中的分布。从 11 个耕作农业地点采集土壤。使用从陷阱植物中分离的 18S/ITS 区核糖体 DNA 的 PCR 扩增、末端限制性片段长度多态性和克隆来评估丛块霉目的存在。在一个地点的所有样本中均检测到丛枝菌属 spp.，在六个更多的样本中偶有检测到，但在其他地点没有检测到。分布与土壤理化特性无关，但丛块霉科在有机管理下的土壤中更为常见。对来自三个地点的样本进行克隆，产生的序列与 Paraglomus laccatum 密切相关，但与 Paraglomus brasilianum 和 Paraglomus occultum 关系较远。个别地点有 10 到 27 个单独的末端限制性片段 (T-RF)。ITS 区的大量 T-RF 反映了序列的高度多样性。因此，丛枝菌根真菌在农业景观中广泛分布，但分布不均匀，多样性较低。更密集的农业管理似乎对丛枝菌属 spp.产生了负面影响。
