Research Center for Sport, Health, and Human Development (CIDESD). University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal.
J Hum Kinet. 2013 Mar 28;36:127-35. doi: 10.2478/hukin-2013-0013. Print 2013 Mar.
Adequate levels of strength and flexibility are important for the promotion and maintenance of health and functional autonomy as well as safe and effective sports participation. The aim of the present study was to analyze the effects of 8 weeks of strength training with or without inter-set static stretching on strength, flexibility and hormonal adaptations of trained men. Sixteen trained men were randomly divided into 2 groups: the static stretching group (SSG) and passive interval group (PIG). All participants performed 24 training sessions 3 times a week. The test and retest of 8RM, strength, flexibility, cortisol and growth hormone concentration in pre and post test conditions were also evaluated. To compare the differences between and within groups in pre- and post-training tests, ANOVA with repeated measures was performed (SSGpre x SSGpost; PIGpre x PIGpost; SSGpost x PIGpost). An alpha level of p<0.05 was considered statistically significant for all comparisons. Both groups showed significant increases in strength (SSGpre vs. SSGpost; PIGpre vs. PIGpost) in the same exercises for leg extension (LE) and Low Row (LR). Specifically, in the SSG group, the parameters for LE were (p = 0.0015 and ES = 2.28 - Large), and the parameters for LR were (p = 0.002 and ES = 1.95 - Large). Moreover, in the PIG group, the parameters for LE were (p = 0.009 and ES = 1.95 - Large), and the parameters for LR were (p = 0.0001 and ES = 2.88 - Large). No differences were found between the groups (SSGpost vs. PIGpost). Both groups showed significant increases in flexibility but in different joints (SSGpre vs. SSGpost; PIGpre vs. PIGpost). In the SSG group, only three joints showed significant increases in flexibility: shoulder extension (p = 0.004 and ES = 1.76 - Large), torso flexion (p = 0.002 and ES = 2.36 - Large), and hip flexion (p = 0.001 and ES = 1.79 -Large). In the PIG group, only three joints showed increases in flexibility: horizontal shoulder abduction (p = 0.003 and ES = 2.07 - Large), hip flexion (p = 0.001 and ES = 2.39 - Large), and hip extension (p = 0.02 and ES = 1.79 - Large). In-between group analyses (SSGpost x PIGpost) revealed differences in two joints: shoulder extension (p = 0.001) and horizontal shoulder abduction (p = 0.001). Hormonal profiles showed no significant differences in cortisol secretion or growth hormone concentration. In conclusion, both studied strength protocols (with and without inter-set static stretching) resulted in flexibility and strength gains without an effect on the anabolic and catabolic hormonal profile.
足够的力量和柔韧性水平对于促进和维持健康和功能自主性以及安全有效地参与运动都很重要。本研究的目的是分析 8 周的力量训练与或不与组间静力拉伸对训练有素的男性的力量、柔韧性和激素适应的影响。16 名训练有素的男性被随机分为 2 组：静态拉伸组（SSG）和被动间歇组（PIG）。所有参与者每周进行 3 次，共 24 次训练。在测试和重测中，评估了 8RM、力量、柔韧性、皮质醇和生长激素浓度在测试前和测试后的情况。为了比较训练前和训练后的组间和组内差异，进行了重复测量方差分析（SSGpre x SSGpost；PIGpre x PIGpost；SSGpost x PIGpost）。所有比较的统计学显著性水平均为 p<0.05。两组在相同的腿部伸展（LE）和低拉（LR）运动中均显示出力量的显著增加（SSGpre vs. SSGpost；PIGpre vs. PIGpost）。具体来说，在 SSG 组中，LE 的参数为（p = 0.0015，ES = 2.28-大），LR 的参数为（p = 0.002，ES = 1.95-大）。此外，在 PIG 组中，LE 的参数为（p = 0.009，ES = 1.95-大），LR 的参数为（p = 0.0001，ES = 2.88-大）。两组之间没有发现差异（SSGpost vs. PIGpost）。两组均显示出柔韧性的显著增加，但在不同的关节中（SSGpre vs. SSGpost；PIGpre vs. PIGpost）。在 SSG 组中，只有三个关节的柔韧性显著增加：肩部伸展（p = 0.004，ES = 1.76-大）、躯干弯曲（p = 0.002，ES = 2.36-大）和髋关节弯曲（p = 0.001，ES = 1.79-大）。在 PIG 组中，只有三个关节的柔韧性增加：水平肩部外展（p = 0.003，ES = 2.07-大）、髋关节弯曲（p = 0.001，ES = 2.39-大）和髋关节伸展（p = 0.02，ES = 1.79-大）。组间分析（SSGpost x PIGpost）显示两个关节存在差异：肩部伸展（p = 0.001）和水平肩部外展（p = 0.001）。激素谱显示皮质醇分泌或生长激素浓度没有显著变化。总之，两种研究的力量方案（有或没有组间静力拉伸）都导致了柔韧性和力量的增加，而对合成代谢和分解代谢的激素谱没有影响。
