Gheshlaghi Farzad, Piri-Ardakani Mohammad-Reza, Yaraghi Mansooreh, Shafiei Faranak, Behjati Mohaddaseh
Department of Clinical Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran ; Isfahan Clinical Toxicology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Iran J Pediatr. 2013 Apr;23(2):189-93.
Acute accidental poisoning in children is still an important public health problem. The epidemiological investigation specific for each country is necessary to determine the extent and characteristics of the problem. The aim of our study was to elucidate the current pattern of acute poisoning among children.
The present retrospective study describes the epidemiology of acute accidental poisoning in children (less than 10 years old) admitted to the Emergency Department of two teaching hospitals during a period of two years.
Three hundred and forty four children under 10 years old were admitted to emergency department of two teaching hospitals due to acute accidental poisoning. Drugs were the most common agents causing the poisoning (58.1%), followed by Hydrocarbons (13.1%), and opioids (9.3%). Common signs were neurological (42.6%) with lethargy being the most common (39.1%). 50.6% of cases were discharged from hospital within 6-12 hours, 91.6% of them without any complication.
Accidental poisonings are still a significant cause of morbidity among children in developing countries. Regarding the high prevalence of pharmaceutical drug poisoning and because lethargic was the most frequent neurological sign, comprehensive toxicology screen tests should be included as part of the routine evaluation of children presenting to an ED with an apparent life-threatening event.
儿童急性意外中毒仍是一个重要的公共卫生问题。有必要针对每个国家进行流行病学调查，以确定该问题的严重程度和特点。我们研究的目的是阐明当前儿童急性中毒的模式。
本回顾性研究描述了两家教学医院急诊科在两年期间收治的10岁以下儿童急性意外中毒的流行病学情况。
两家教学医院急诊科共收治344例10岁以下因急性意外中毒的儿童。药物是导致中毒最常见的因素（58.1%），其次是碳氢化合物（13.1%）和阿片类药物（9.3%）。常见症状为神经系统症状（42.6%），其中嗜睡最为常见（39.1%）。50.6%的病例在6至12小时内出院，其中91.6%无任何并发症。
在发展中国家，意外中毒仍是儿童发病的一个重要原因。鉴于药物中毒的高发生率，且嗜睡是最常见的神经系统症状，对于因明显危及生命事件就诊于急诊科的儿童，应将全面的毒理学筛查试验作为常规评估的一部分。
