Sport Science and Medicine Unit, Tennis Australia, Richmond South, Australia.
Sports Biomech. 2013 Mar;12(1):15-22. doi: 10.1080/14763141.2012.724702.
The development of a powerful and accurate serve is a priority for most tennis players. Various drills are proposed to enhance characteristics of the serve such as ball speed and spin, yet research has failed to address their efficacy. The aim of this study was therefore to compare the kinematics of a flat serve with that of a service drill, where the player serves from the knees in an endeavour to promote specific changes in trunk, arm, racket, and ball motion. A 22-camera 250 Hz VICON MX motion analysis system captured the trunk, arm, racket, and ball kinematics of eight high-performance junior players hitting flat serves and knee serves. Paired t-tests assessed within-group kinematic differences between the two serve conditions. Changes in ball toss, trunk, arm, and racket kinematics were a manifestation of the constraints presented by the knee serve. These changes effected an increased angle of attack of the racket but without greater frontal plane trunk rotation, which represented primary objectives of the knee serve. In sum, partial support was offered to the use of the knee serve as an intervention that promotes immediate, specific changes in trunk and racket kinematics in the service actions of elite junior players.
对于大多数网球运动员来说，发展强大而准确的发球是当务之急。各种训练方法被提出来提高发球的特点，如球速和旋转，但研究未能解决它们的效果。因此，本研究的目的是比较平击发球和发球练习的运动学，在这种练习中，运动员从膝盖发球，以促进躯干、手臂、球拍和球运动的特定变化。一个 22 个摄像头的 250Hz VICON MX 运动分析系统捕捉了八名高水平青少年球员平击发球和膝盖发球时的躯干、手臂、球拍和球的运动学。配对 t 检验评估了两种发球条件下的组内运动学差异。球抛、躯干、手臂和球拍运动学的变化是膝盖发球带来的约束的表现。这些变化使球拍的攻角增加，但没有增加正面躯干旋转，这是膝盖发球的主要目标。总之，为使用膝盖发球作为一种干预措施提供了部分支持，这种干预措施可以促进优秀青少年运动员发球动作中躯干和球拍运动学的即时、特定变化。
