Busuttil Nicholas, Middleton Kane J, Dunn Marcus, Roberts Alexandra H
Sport, Performance, and Nutrition Research Group, School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, 1 Kingsbury Drive, Bundoora, Melbourne, VIC 3083, Australia.
Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, 70/104 Ballarat Road, Footscray, Melbourne, VIC 3011, Australia.
Sports (Basel). 2024 Nov 27;12(12):325. doi: 10.3390/sports12120325.
The purpose of this study was to explore the experiential knowledge of tennis coaches as it related to the development of grip positions in tennis athletes. Accredited tennis coaches (n = 11) completed semi-structured interviews consisting of open-ended questions about their coaching background, the importance of grip positions compared with other areas of foundational development, and their opinions on using physically-constraining tools (PCTs). Two major themes, "Grip positions are an adaptive skill" and "Why and how do I modify an athlete's grip?", were identified. Coaches expressed the opinion that grip positions were dynamic and a modifiable component of tennis stroke technique. Irrespective of shot type, grip positions were viewed as a non-negotiable aspect of talent development and intrinsically linked to other components of the stroke. Coaches questioned the necessity of technique refinement for grip positions given the complex and time-costly nature of bringing about effective motor-behaviour change. Some coaches expressed reservations about skill transfer into live match-play, intuitively expressing the concepts of the constraints-led approach to manipulate key variables within the athlete's environment to foster learning. Future research should aim to assess the short- and long-term effects of PCT use in tennis and establish the extent to which PCTs can impact learning and skill transfer.
本研究的目的是探索网球教练的经验性知识，这些知识与网球运动员握拍姿势的发展相关。经认证的网球教练（n = 11）完成了半结构化访谈，访谈包含关于他们的教练背景、与基础发展的其他方面相比握拍姿势的重要性，以及他们对使用身体约束工具（PCTs）的看法等开放式问题。确定了两个主要主题，即“握拍姿势是一种适应性技能”和“我为何以及如何修改运动员的握拍姿势？”。教练们认为握拍姿势是动态的，是网球击球技术中可修改的组成部分。无论击球类型如何，握拍姿势都被视为人才发展中不可协商的方面，并且与击球的其他组成部分有着内在联系。鉴于实现有效的运动行为改变具有复杂性和时间成本，教练们对握拍姿势技术改进的必要性提出了质疑。一些教练对技能转移到实际比赛中表示保留意见，直观地表达了以约束为导向的方法的概念，即在运动员的环境中操纵关键变量以促进学习。未来的研究应旨在评估在网球中使用PCTs的短期和长期效果，并确定PCTs对学习和技能转移的影响程度。
