Plant Biology Division, The Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73402, USA.
Annu Rev Phytopathol. 2013;51:407-27. doi: 10.1146/annurev-phyto-082712-102319.
Nonhost resistance is a broad-spectrum plant defense that provides immunity to all members of a plant species against all isolates of a microorganism that is pathogenic to other plant species. Upon landing on the surface of a nonhost plant species, a potential bacterial pathogen initially encounters preformed and, later, induced plant defenses. One of the initial defense responses from the plant is pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP)-triggered immunity (PTI). Nonhost plants also have mechanisms to detect nonhost-pathogen effectors and can trigger a defense response referred to as effector-triggered immunity (ETI). This nonhost resistance response often results in a hypersensitive response (HR) at the infection site. This review provides an overview of these plant defense strategies. We enumerate plant genes that impart nonhost resistance and the bacterial counter-defense strategies. In addition, prospects for application of nonhost resistance to achieve broad-spectrum and durable resistance in crop plants are also discussed.
非寄主抗性是一种广谱的植物防御机制，它赋予植物物种中的所有成员对所有致病微生物的同种菌株的免疫力，而这些微生物对其他植物物种具有致病性。当潜在的细菌病原体降落在非寄主植物物种的表面时，它最初会遇到预先形成的、随后被诱导的植物防御。植物的初始防御反应之一是病原体相关分子模式（PAMP）触发的免疫（PTI）。非寄主植物也有机制来检测非寄主-病原体效应物，并可以触发被称为效应物触发的免疫（ETI）的防御反应。这种非寄主抗性反应通常会导致感染部位发生过敏反应（HR）。本综述概述了这些植物防御策略。我们列举了赋予非寄主抗性的植物基因和细菌的反向防御策略。此外，还讨论了将非寄主抗性应用于在作物植物中实现广谱和持久抗性的前景。
