Department of Applied Health Science, Indiana University School of Public Health, Bloomington, IN 47405, United States.
Soc Sci Med. 2013 Jul;89:8-15. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2013.04.020. Epub 2013 Apr 29.
Economic declines and their associated stress, shortage of financial resources, and changes in available time can impair health behaviors. This study tested the association between change in working hours, change in employment status, and financial strain and health behaviors measured after the 2008 recession after controlling for pre-recession levels of the health behaviors. The moderating influences of demographic factors and pre-recession levels of the health behaviors on the association between change in working hours and employment status and financial strain and the health behaviors were also tested. Participants (N = 3984) were from a longitudinal study of a U.S. Midwestern community-based sample. Regression analyses tested the unique relations between change in hours worked per week, change in employment status, and financial strain and five health behaviors over and above demographic factors and pre-recession levels of the same behavior. Models included predictor by covariate interactions. Participants who reported higher levels of financial strain engaged in lower levels of all but one of the five health behaviors, but there were no significant main effects of a change in the number of hours worked per week or change in employment status. Significant interactions revealed moderation of these relations by demographic characteristics, but findings differed across health behaviors. Financial strain negatively affected engagement in multiple healthy behaviors. Promoting the maintenance of healthy behaviors for disease prevention is an important public health goal during times of economic decline.
经济衰退及其带来的压力、财务资源短缺以及可用时间的变化可能会影响健康行为。本研究在控制健康行为的衰退前水平后，检验了工作时间变化、就业状况变化与经济压力与健康行为之间的关联。还测试了人口统计学因素和健康行为的衰退前水平对工作时间和就业状况变化与经济压力和健康行为之间的关联的调节作用。参与者（N=3984）来自美国中西部社区样本的纵向研究。回归分析检验了每周工作时间变化、就业状况变化和财务压力与五个健康行为之间的独特关系，这些关系超出了人口统计学因素和相同行为的衰退前水平。模型包括预测器与协变量的交互作用。报告经济压力水平较高的参与者从事五个健康行为中的除一个行为之外的所有行为的水平均较低，但每周工作时间变化或就业状况变化没有显著的主要影响。显著的相互作用表明这些关系受到人口统计学特征的调节，但发现因健康行为而异。财务压力对多种健康行为的参与产生负面影响。在经济衰退时期，促进维持健康行为以预防疾病是一个重要的公共卫生目标。
