Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain.
Sci Total Environ. 2013 Sep 1;461-462:222-9. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.05.005. Epub 2013 May 31.
We investigated the potential endocrine disruptive effect of prenatal exposure to persistent organic pollutants (POPs) through maternal diet, by measuring anogenital distance in newborns and young children. We included 231 mothers and their newborns measured at birth from the Rhea study in Crete, Greece and the Hmar study in Barcelona, Spain and 476 mothers and their children measured between 1 and 2 years from the Rhea study. We used food frequency questionnaires to assess maternal diet and estimated plasma dioxin-like activity by the Dioxin-Responsive Chemically Activated LUciferase eXpression (DR-CALUX®) and other POPs in maternal samples. We defined a "high-fat diet" score, as a prenatal exposure estimate, that incorporated intakes of red meat, processed meat, fatty fish, seafood, eggs and high-fat dairy products during pregnancy. Increasing maternal "high-fat diet" score was related to increasing dioxin-like activity and serum concentrations of lipophilic persistent organic pollutants in maternal blood. An inverse dose-response association was found between "high-fat diet" score and anoscrotal distance in newborn males. The highest tertile of the maternal score was associated with -4.2 mm (95% CI -6.6 to -1.8) reduction in anoscrotal distance of newborn males, compared to the lowest tertile. A weak positive association was found between the "high-fat diet" score and anofourchetal distance in newborn females. In young children we found no association between maternal "high-fat diet" score and anogenital distances. In conclusion, maternal high-fat diet may be linked to high prenatal exposure to persistent organic pollutants and endocrine disruptive effects, resulting to phenotypic alterations of the reproductive system.
我们通过测量新生儿和幼儿的肛门生殖器距离，研究了母体饮食中持久性有机污染物（POPs）暴露对内分泌干扰的潜在影响。我们纳入了来自希腊克里特岛 Rhea 研究和西班牙巴塞罗那 Hmar 研究的 231 名母亲及其新生儿（在出生时进行测量），以及 Rhea 研究的 476 名母亲及其 1 至 2 岁的儿童。我们使用食物频率问卷评估了母体饮食，并通过二恶英反应性化学激活萤光素酶表达（DR-CALUX®）和其他母体样本中的 POPs 来估计血浆类二恶英活性。我们将“高脂肪饮食”评分定义为一种产前暴露估计，该评分纳入了怀孕期间摄入的红肉类、加工肉类、高脂肪鱼类、海鲜、蛋类和高脂肪乳制品。母体“高脂肪饮食”评分的增加与类二恶英活性和母体血液中亲脂性持久性有机污染物的血清浓度的增加有关。我们发现“高脂肪饮食”评分与新生儿男性的肛门生殖器距离之间存在反比剂量反应关系。与最低三分位数相比，母体评分最高三分位数与新生儿男性的肛门生殖器距离减少 4.2 毫米（95%CI -6.6 至 -1.8）相关。我们发现母体“高脂肪饮食”评分与新生儿女性的肛门四叉距离之间存在微弱的正相关关系。在幼儿中，我们未发现母体“高脂肪饮食”评分与肛门生殖器距离之间存在关联。总之，母体高脂肪饮食可能与持久性有机污染物的高产前暴露和内分泌干扰有关，导致生殖系统的表型改变。
