西班牙裔、美国原住民和白人农村女性再监禁的行为健康和社会相关因素。
Behavioral health and social correlates of reincarceration among Hispanic, Native American, and white rural women.
机构信息
Behavioral Health Research Center of the Southwest, Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, Albuquerque, NM 87102, USA.
出版信息
Psychiatr Serv. 2013 Jun;64(6):590-3. doi: 10.1176/appi.ps.201200120.
OBJECTIVE
To identify community reentry needs, this study examined mental illness, substance dependence, and other correlates of reincarceration in an ethnically diverse, rural population of women prisoners.
METHODS
A purposive, cross-sectional sample of 98 women in a New Mexico state prison completed structured interviews. Analyses examined associations of substance dependence, mental illness, lifetime trauma, and sociodemographic variables with previous incarceration.
RESULTS
Eighty-five percent screened positive for substance dependence, 50% for current mental disorders, and 46% for both. Exposure to trauma was pervasive (100%), especially physical or sexual trauma (83%). In adjusted analyses, previous incarceration was associated with precarious housing before imprisonment (odds ratio [OR]=2.19, p=.038) and with having co-occurring mental illness and substance dependence (OR=2.68, p=.019).
CONCLUSIONS
Findings support those of similar studies in urban areas and with other ethnic groups. Wraparound programs focusing on harm reduction, housing, and treatment and support services are needed for successful reentry of these underserved women.
目的
为了确定社区重返社会的需求，本研究在一个种族多样化的农村女性囚犯群体中检查了精神疾病、物质依赖和其他与再监禁相关的因素。
方法
新墨西哥州一所州立监狱中的 98 名女性参与了一项有针对性的、横断面的抽样调查，完成了结构化访谈。分析检查了物质依赖、精神疾病、终生创伤以及社会人口统计学变量与以往监禁的关联。
结果
85%的人筛查出物质依赖阳性，50%的人当前有精神障碍，46%的人同时存在这两种情况。创伤暴露普遍存在（100%），特别是身体或性创伤（83%）。在调整后的分析中，以前的监禁与入狱前住房不稳定（优势比[OR]=2.19，p=.038）和同时存在精神疾病和物质依赖（OR=2.68，p=.019）有关。
结论
这些发现支持了城市地区和其他族裔群体的类似研究。需要为这些服务不足的女性提供关注于减少伤害、住房以及治疗和支持服务的综合项目，以实现她们的成功重返社会。
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