Department of Neurology, University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA.
Rev Neurosci. 2013;24(3):267-78. doi: 10.1515/revneuro-2013-0004.
Cognitive dysfunction is a common symptom of Parkinson's disease (PD) that causes significant morbidity and mortality. The severity of these symptoms ranges from minor executive symptoms to frank dementia involving multiple domains. In the present review, we will concentrate on the aspects of cognitive impairment associated with prefrontal dopaminergic dysfunction, seen in non-demented patients with PD. These symptoms include executive dysfunction and disorders of thought, such as hallucinations and psychosis. Such symptoms may go on to predict dementia related to PD, which involves amnestic dysfunction and is typically seen later in the disease. Cognitive symptoms are associated with dysfunction in cholinergic circuits, in addition to the abnormalities in the prefrontal dopaminergic system. These circuits can be carefully studied and evaluated in PD, and could be leveraged to treat difficult clinical problems related to cognitive symptoms of PD.
认知功能障碍是帕金森病（PD）的常见症状，可导致显著的发病率和死亡率。这些症状的严重程度从轻微的执行症状到涉及多个领域的明显痴呆不等。在本综述中，我们将集中讨论与非痴呆 PD 患者前额叶多巴胺能功能障碍相关的认知障碍方面。这些症状包括执行功能障碍和思维障碍，如幻觉和精神病。这些症状可能会进一步预测与 PD 相关的痴呆，这涉及到健忘功能障碍，通常在疾病后期出现。认知症状与除前额叶多巴胺能系统异常之外的胆碱能回路功能障碍有关。这些回路可以在 PD 中进行仔细的研究和评估，并可用于治疗与 PD 的认知症状相关的困难临床问题。
