Nelson Brett, Izadnegahdar Rasa, Hall Lauren, Lee Patrick T
J Grad Med Educ. 2012 Jun;4(2):184-9. doi: 10.4300/JGME-D-11-00214.1.
Medical trainee interest and participation in global health programs have been growing at unprecedented rates, and the response has been increasing opportunities for medical students and residents. However, at the fellowship level, the number and types of global health training opportunities across specialties have not previously been characterized.
A cross-sectional survey was conducted between November and December 2010 among all identified global health fellowship programs in the United States. Programs were identified through review of academic and institutional websites, peer-reviewed literature, web-based search engines, and epidemiologic snowball sampling. Identified global health fellowship programs were invited through e-mail invitation and follow-up telephone calls to participate in the web-based survey questionnaire.
The survey identified 80 global health fellowship programs: 31 in emergency medicine, 14 in family medicine, 11 in internal medicine, 10 in pediatrics, 8 interdisciplinary programs, 3 in surgery, and 3 in women's health. Of these, 46 of the programs (57.5%) responded to the survey. Fellowship programs were most commonly between 19 and 24 months in duration and were nearly equally divided among 2 models: (1) fellowship integrated into residency, and (2) fellowship following completion of residency. Respondents also provided information on selection criteria for fellows, fellowship training activities, and graduates' career choices. Nearly half of fellowship programs surveyed were recently established and had not graduated fellows at the time of the study.
Institutions across the nation have established a significant, diverse collection of global health fellowship opportunities. A public online database (www.globalhealthfellowships.org), developed from the results of this study, will serve as an ongoing resource on global health fellowships and best practices.
医学实习生对全球健康项目的兴趣和参与度一直在以前所未有的速度增长，相应地，医学生和住院医师的机会也在增加。然而，在专科 fellowship 层面，各专业全球健康培训机会的数量和类型此前尚未得到描述。
2010 年 11 月至 12 月期间，对美国所有已确定的全球健康 fellowship 项目进行了横断面调查。通过查阅学术和机构网站、同行评审文献、网络搜索引擎以及流行病学滚雪球抽样来确定项目。通过电子邮件邀请和后续电话跟进，邀请已确定的全球健康 fellowship 项目参与基于网络的调查问卷。
该调查确定了 80 个全球健康 fellowship 项目：31 个急诊医学项目、14 个家庭医学项目、11 个内科项目、10 个儿科项目、8 个跨学科项目、3 个外科项目和 3 个女性健康项目。其中，46 个项目（57.5%）回复了调查。fellowship 项目的时长大多为 19 至 24 个月，且几乎平均分为两种模式：（1）融入住院医师培训的 fellowship，以及（2）住院医师培训完成后的 fellowship。受访者还提供了有关 fellows 选拔标准、fellowship 培训活动以及毕业生职业选择的信息。近一半接受调查的 fellowship 项目是最近设立的，在研究时还没有毕业生。
全国各机构已经建立了大量、多样的全球健康 fellowship 机会。根据本研究结果开发的公共在线数据库（www.globalhealthfellowships.org）将作为全球健康 fellowship 及最佳实践的持续资源。
