Kogan Feliks, Hariharan Hari, Reddy Ravinder
Center for Magnetic Resonance and Optical Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, B1 Stellar-Chance Labs, 422 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104.
Curr Radiol Rep. 2013 Jun 1;1(2):102-114. doi: 10.1007/s40134-013-0010-3.
Chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) is a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast enhancement technique that enables indirect detection of metabolites with exchangeable protons. Endogenous metabolites with exchangeable protons including many endogenous proteins with amide protons, glycosaminoglycans (GAG), glycogen, myo-inositol (MI), glutamate (Glu), creatine (Cr) and several others have been identified as potential endogenous CEST agents. These endogenous CEST agents can be exploited as non-invasive and non-ionizing biomarkers of disease diagnosis and treatment monitoring. This review focuses on the recent technical developments in endogenous CEST MRI from various metabolites as well as their potential clinical applications. The basic underlying principles of CEST, its potential limitations and new techniques to mitigate them are discussed.
化学交换饱和转移（CEST）是一种磁共振成像（MRI）对比增强技术，可间接检测具有可交换质子的代谢物。具有可交换质子的内源性代谢物，包括许多具有酰胺质子的内源性蛋白质、糖胺聚糖（GAG）、糖原、肌醇（MI）、谷氨酸（Glu）、肌酸（Cr）等，已被确定为潜在的内源性CEST剂。这些内源性CEST剂可作为疾病诊断和治疗监测的非侵入性、非电离生物标志物。本综述重点介绍了内源性CEST MRI在各种代谢物方面的最新技术进展及其潜在的临床应用。讨论了CEST的基本原理、潜在局限性以及减轻这些局限性的新技术。
