Cohen S, Lichtenstein E
Department of Psychology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213-3890.
Health Psychol. 1990;9(4):466-78. doi: 10.1037//0278-6133.9.4.466.
Assessed perceptions of stress prior to quitting and at 1, 3, and 6 months following quit date. Self-reported smoking status was augmented by a bogus pipeline procedure at each interview, and abstinence at 6 months was verified by carbon monoxide and saliva cotinine. The analyses provide strong evidence for a relation between changes in stress levels and changes in smoking status. Those who failed to quit smoking for more than 24 hr maintained a relatively high and consistent level of stress over the entire 6-month period. For those remaining continuously abstinent over the course of the study, stress decreased as duration of abstinence increased. Increases in stress with relapse were found across all three panel lags (prequit to 1 month, 1 to 3 months, and 3 to 6 months), and decreases in stress with quitting were found across the two lags where that comparison was possible. The possibility that the relation between smoking and stress is bidirectional is discussed as a possible interpretation of the results.
评估了戒烟前以及戒烟日期后1个月、3个月和6个月时的压力感知情况。每次访谈时，通过伪管道程序增强自我报告的吸烟状况，并通过一氧化碳和唾液可替宁验证6个月时的戒烟情况。分析为压力水平变化与吸烟状况变化之间的关系提供了有力证据。那些未能戒烟超过24小时的人在整个6个月期间保持了相对较高且稳定的压力水平。对于在研究过程中持续戒烟的人，压力随着戒烟持续时间的增加而降低。在所有三个时间滞后阶段（戒烟前到1个月、1到3个月以及3到6个月）都发现随着复吸压力增加，在两个可以进行比较的滞后阶段发现随着戒烟压力降低。讨论了吸烟与压力之间的关系可能是双向的这一可能性，作为对结果的一种可能解释。
