Mancuso James D, Aaron Christopher L
Preventive Medicine Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research.
MSMR. 2013 May;20(5):4-8.
Members of the Armed Forces represent a segment of the U.S. population that may be at increased risk for tuberculosis (TB) infection, disease, and transmission due to overseas service in endemic areas and residence in congregate settings. The purpose of this study was to examine recent surveillance trends and risk factors associated with TB disease in the active component U.S. military. The rate of TB in the U.S. military -0.6 per 100,000 population (n=128) over the interval from 1998 to 2012 - was lower than the age-adjusted rate among the U.S. population (adjusted rate ratio=0.20) over the same time interval. During the last five years of the surveillance period, the most common factor associated with the diagnosis of TB disease during military service was latent infection at time of accession; also, as many as nine (24%) cases of TB were associated with deployment to Iraq or other military exposures. TB control activities should continue to mitigate unique military exposures such as crowding during recruit training and deployments to TB endemic areas.
武装部队成员是美国人口中的一部分，由于在结核病流行地区的海外服役以及居住在集体环境中，他们感染结核病、患病和传播结核病的风险可能会增加。本研究的目的是调查美国现役军队中结核病的近期监测趋势以及与结核病相关的风险因素。1998年至2012年期间，美国军队中的结核病发病率为每10万人0.6例（n = 128），低于同一时期美国人口的年龄调整发病率（调整发病率比 = 0.20）。在监测期的最后五年中，与服役期间结核病诊断相关的最常见因素是入伍时的潜伏感染；此外，多达9例（24%）结核病病例与部署到伊拉克或其他军事接触有关。结核病防控活动应继续减轻独特的军事接触风险，如新兵训练期间的拥挤状况以及向结核病流行地区的部署。
