Wang Chuan-Chao, Li Hui
State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, China.
Investig Genet. 2013 Jun 3;4(1):11. doi: 10.1186/2041-2223-4-11.
East Asia harbors substantial genetic, physical, cultural and linguistic diversity, but the detailed structures and interrelationships of those aspects remain enigmatic. This question has begun to be addressed by a rapid accumulation of molecular anthropological studies of the populations in and around East Asia, especially by Y chromosome studies. The current Y chromosome evidence suggests multiple early migrations of modern humans from Africa via Southeast Asia to East Asia. After the initial settlements, the northward migrations during the Paleolithic Age shaped the genetic structure in East Asia. Subsequently, recent admixtures between Central Asian immigrants and northern East Asians enlarged the genetic divergence between southern and northern East Asia populations. Cultural practices, such as languages, agriculture, military affairs and social prestige, also have impacts on the genetic patterns in East Asia. Furthermore, application of Y chromosome analyses in the family genealogy studies offers successful showcases of the utility of genetics in studying the ancient history.
东亚地区蕴含着丰富的遗传、体质、文化及语言多样性，但这些方面的详细结构及相互关系仍不明朗。东亚及其周边人群的分子人类学研究迅速积累，尤其是Y染色体研究，已开始着手解决这一问题。目前的Y染色体证据表明，现代人类多次从非洲经东南亚迁徙至东亚。最初定居之后，旧石器时代的向北迁徙塑造了东亚的遗传结构。随后，中亚移民与东亚北部人群近期的混合，扩大了东亚南北部人群之间的遗传差异。语言、农业、军事及社会声望等文化习俗，也对东亚的遗传模式产生影响。此外，Y染色体分析在家族谱系研究中的应用，成功展示了遗传学在研究古代历史中的作用。
