Loyo Myriam, Kontis Theda C
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am. 2013 May;21(2):285-98. doi: 10.1016/j.fsc.2013.02.009.
Botulinum toxin (BoNTA) has become the modern generation's treatment of choice for facial aging. Advanced uses of neurotoxin have treated specific areas of the face, in addition to the glabella, which is the only site for injection approved by the Food and Drug Administration. This article suggests that BoNTA has replaced surgical procedures that treat oral commissures, mild brow ptosis and brow asymmetries, and hypertrophic orbicularis oculi muscles. It is becoming increasingly used for lip asymmetry, platysmal banding, and necklift, although it has not replaced traditional procedures for the correction of these areas.
肉毒杆菌毒素(BoNTA)已成为当代面部抗衰的首选治疗方法。除了眉间(这是美国食品药品监督管理局批准的唯一注射部位)外,神经毒素的先进应用还可治疗面部特定区域。本文表明,BoNTA已取代了治疗口角、轻度眉下垂和眉不对称以及眼轮匝肌肥厚的外科手术。它越来越多地用于治疗唇部不对称、颈阔肌带和颈部提拉,尽管它尚未取代这些部位矫正的传统手术。