1] Northern Ireland Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), University of Ulster, Coleraine, UK [2] Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan.
Northern Ireland Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), University of Ulster, Coleraine, UK.
Int J Obes (Lond). 2014 Feb;38(2):252-8. doi: 10.1038/ijo.2013.63. Epub 2013 May 3.
Epidemiologic evidence on the influence of dietary glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) on the development of obesity is limited.
This prospective study examined the associations between dietary GI and GL and changes in body composition measures during adolescence.
In a representative sample of Northern Irish adolescents aged 12 years at baseline and 15 years at follow-up (n=426), dietary intake was assessed by a diet history interview. Body composition measures included body mass index (BMI; kg m(-2)), BMI z-score, sum of four skinfold thicknesses, percentage body fat, fat mass index (FMI; kg m(-2)) and fat-free mass index (kg m(-2)).
After adjustment for potential confounding factors, baseline GI was associated with increased change in FMI. Mean (95% confidence interval) values of changes in FMI according to tertiles of baseline GI were 0.41 (0.25, 0.57), 0.42 (0.26, 0.58) and 0.67 (0.51, 0.83) kg m(-2), respectively (P for trend=0.03). There was no significant association of baseline GI with changes in other body composition measures (P for trend≥0.054). Conversely, baseline GL showed no association with changes in any of the measures (P for trend≥0.41). Furthermore, changes in GI or GL were not associated with changes in any of the measures (P for trend≥0.16).
Dietary GI at age 12 years was independently associated with increased change in FMI between ages 12 and 15 years in a representative sample from Northern Ireland, whereas dietary GL showed no association with changes in any of the body composition measures examined.
关于饮食血糖指数（GI）和血糖负荷（GL）对肥胖发展影响的流行病学证据有限。
本前瞻性研究调查了青少年时期饮食 GI 和 GL 与身体成分测量变化之间的关系。
在北爱尔兰代表性青少年样本中，基线年龄为 12 岁，随访年龄为 15 岁（n=426），通过饮食史访谈评估饮食摄入。身体成分测量包括体重指数（BMI；kg·m(-2)）、BMI z 评分、四个皮褶厚度之和、体脂百分比、脂肪量指数（FMI；kg·m(-2))和去脂体重指数（kg·m(-2))。
在调整潜在混杂因素后，基线 GI 与 FMI 的变化增加有关。根据基线 GI 三分位的 FMI 变化的平均值（95%置信区间）分别为 0.41（0.25，0.57）、0.42（0.26，0.58）和 0.67（0.51，0.83）kg·m(-2)（趋势 P=0.03）。基线 GI 与其他身体成分测量值的变化无显著相关性（趋势 P≥0.054）。相反，基线 GL 与任何测量值的变化均无关联（趋势 P≥0.41）。此外，GI 或 GL 的变化与任何测量值的变化均无关联（趋势 P≥0.16）。
在北爱尔兰的代表性样本中，12 岁时的饮食 GI 与 12 至 15 岁之间 FMI 的变化增加独立相关，而饮食 GL 与所检查的任何身体成分测量值的变化均无关联。
