The Freshwater Biological Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen Hillerød, Denmark ; Institute of Advanced Studies, The University of Western Australia Crawley, WA, Australia ; School of Plant Biology, The University of Western Australia Crawley, WA, Australia.
Front Plant Sci. 2013 May 21;4:140. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2013.00140. eCollection 2013.
We describe the general background and the recent advances in research on underwater photosynthesis of leaf segments, whole communities, and plant dominated aquatic ecosystems and present contemporary methods tailor made to quantify photosynthesis and carbon fixation under water. The majority of studies of aquatic photosynthesis have been carried out with detached leaves or thalli and this selectiveness influences the perception of the regulation of aquatic photosynthesis. We thus recommend assessing the influence of inorganic carbon and temperature on natural aquatic communities of variable density in addition to studying detached leaves in the scenarios of rising CO2 and temperature. Moreover, a growing number of researchers are interested in tolerance of terrestrial plants during flooding as torrential rains sometimes result in overland floods that inundate terrestrial plants. We propose to undertake studies to elucidate the importance of leaf acclimation of terrestrial plants to facilitate gas exchange and light utilization under water as these acclimations influence underwater photosynthesis as well as internal aeration of plant tissues during submergence.
我们描述了叶段、整个群落和植物主导的水生生态系统水下光合作用的一般背景和最新研究进展，并提出了当代专门用于量化水下光合作用和碳固定的方法。大多数水生光合作用的研究都是用离体叶片或藻体进行的，这种选择性影响了对水生光合作用调节的认识。因此，我们建议在研究二氧化碳和温度升高的情况下，除了研究离体叶片外，还应评估无机碳和温度对不同密度的天然水生群落的影响。此外，越来越多的研究人员对洪水期间陆生植物的耐受性感兴趣，因为暴雨有时会导致淹没陆地植物的陆上洪水。我们建议进行研究，阐明陆生植物叶片适应的重要性，以促进水淹条件下的气体交换和光利用，因为这些适应会影响水下光合作用以及植物组织在淹没过程中的内部通气。
