Lukšić Katarina, Mucalo Ana, Marinov Luka, Ozretić Zoković Maja, Ranković-Vasić Zorica, Nikolić Dragan, Zdunić Goran
Institute for Adriatic Crops and Karst Reclamation, 21000 Split, Croatia.
Centre of Excellence for Biodiversity and Molecular Plant Breeding (CoE CroP-BioDiv), Svetošimunska Cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Plants (Basel). 2024 Aug 22;13(16):2338. doi: 10.3390/plants13162338.
The flowering and fruit set of grapevines are determined by many morphological, physiological, and environmental factors. Although the elemental composition of pollen grains plays a crucial role in the fruit set, there is still a considerable gap in our knowledge. To date, no study has been conducted on the elemental composition of subsp. (hereafter ) pollen grains. The aim of this work was to investigate the elemental composition of pollen grains of using scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX). The pollen grains of ten individuals (eight male and two female) and one hermaphrodite cultivar 'Plavac mali crni' were analyzed. SEM-EDX analysis revealed the presence of eight elements (carbon-C, oxygen-O, magnesium-Mg, phosphorus-P, potassium-K, calcium-Ca, molybdenum-Mo, and aluminum-Al) in the pollen grains. Interestingly, aluminum was detected exclusively in the pollen of the cultivated grape cultivar 'Plavac mali crni', while it was not present in the genotypes of . No significant differences between genotypes were found for oxygen and phosphorus, while significant differences were found for other elements. Pollen dimorphism was not associated with differences in element composition, although principal component analysis separated the genotypes into two distinct groups, with two female individuals (Pak10 and Pak12) and one male (Im19) tending to form separate clusters. This study is the first report on the elemental composition of pollen grains of genotypes and provides valuable insights for further studies on pollen functionality.
葡萄的开花和坐果受多种形态、生理和环境因素的影响。尽管花粉粒的元素组成在坐果过程中起着关键作用，但我们在这方面的认知仍存在相当大的差距。迄今为止，尚未有关于亚种（以下简称）花粉粒元素组成的研究。本研究的目的是利用扫描电子显微镜结合能谱仪（SEM-EDX）研究的花粉粒元素组成。对10个个体（8个雄性和2个雌性）以及一个雌雄同体品种‘Plavac mali crni’的花粉粒进行了分析。SEM-EDX分析显示，花粉粒中存在8种元素（碳-C、氧-O、镁-Mg、磷-P、钾-K、钙-Ca、钼-Mo和铝-Al）。有趣的是，铝仅在栽培葡萄品种‘Plavac mali crni’的花粉中被检测到，而在的基因型中未检测到。氧和磷在基因型之间没有显著差异，而其他元素存在显著差异。花粉二态性与元素组成差异无关，尽管主成分分析将基因型分为两个不同的组，两个雌性个体（Pak10和Pak12）和一个雄性个体（Im19）倾向于形成单独的聚类。本研究是关于基因型花粉粒元素组成的首次报道，为进一步研究花粉功能提供了有价值的见解。
