Department of Archaeology, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK.
Am J Phys Anthropol. 2013 Jul;151(3):462-76. doi: 10.1002/ajpa.22290. Epub 2013 Jun 4.
Early Medieval England is described historically as a time when people migrated from the Continent to English shores. This study tests the hypothesis that those buried in the Bowl Hole cemetery, Bamburgh, Northumberland were nonlocally born, because of its royal status. Ninety-one male and female adult, and nonadult, skeletons were studied. Isotope ratios of strontium ((87) Sr/(86) Sr) and oxygen (δ(18) O) were generated for 78 individuals (28 females, 27 males, five "adults," 18 nonadults). The mean Sr value for human enamel was 0.71044, standard deviation (sd) 0.001, and the mean O (δw) value is -5.9‰, sd 1.6‰. Additionally, animal tooth enamel (mean Sr value 0.710587, sd 0.001; mean O value -6.5‰, sd 1.5‰), local soil (mean Sr value 0.709184, sd 0.0006), snail shells (mean Sr value 0.708888, sd 0.0001), and soil samples from a 5 km transect heading inland (mean Sr value 0.709121, sd 0.0003), were analyzed for an indication of the isotopic composition of bioavailable Sr in the modern environment and to assess the impact of sea-spray; water samples from a well, local rivers, and standing water were analyzed for local δ(18) O values (mean O value -6.4‰, relative to VSMOW, sd 2.8‰). Over 50% of those buried at Bamburgh were nonlocal. All ages and both sexes produced "nonlocal" signatures; some suggested childhood origins in Scandinavia, the southern Mediterranean or North Africa. Stature and other indicators of health status indicated differences in quality of life between local and migrant groups. These differences did not extend to burial practices.
早期中世纪的英格兰在历史上被描述为人们从欧洲大陆迁移到英国海岸的时期。这项研究检验了这样一个假设，即在诺森伯兰郡班堡的碗洞墓地埋葬的人，由于其王室地位，并非本地出生。研究了 91 名成年和未成年男女的骨骼。为 78 个人（28 名女性、27 名男性、5 名“成年人”和 18 名未成年人）生成了锶（(87) Sr/(86) Sr）和氧（δ(18) O）的同位素比值。人类牙釉质的平均 Sr 值为 0.71044，标准差（sd）为 0.001，平均 O（δw）值为-5.9‰，标准差为 1.6‰。此外，还分析了动物牙釉质（平均 Sr 值为 0.710587，sd 为 0.001；平均 O 值为-6.5‰，sd 为 1.5‰）、当地土壤（平均 Sr 值为 0.709184，sd 为 0.0006）、蜗牛壳（平均 Sr 值为 0.708888，sd 为 0.0001）和 5 公里内陆土壤样本（平均 Sr 值为 0.709121，sd 为 0.0003）的同位素组成，以了解现代环境中生物可用 Sr 的同位素组成，并评估海雾的影响；还分析了井水、当地河流和静水的水样，以了解当地的δ(18) O 值（相对于 VSMOW，平均 O 值为-6.4‰，sd 为 2.8‰）。在班堡埋葬的人中，有超过 50%的人来自外地。所有年龄和性别都产生了“非本地”特征；一些人暗示他们在童年时期来自斯堪的纳维亚、地中海南部或北非。身高和其他健康状况指标表明，本地和移民群体之间的生活质量存在差异。这些差异并未延伸到埋葬习俗。
