Patterson D R, Carrigan L, Questad K A, Robinson R
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle.
J Burn Care Rehabil. 1990 May-Jun;11(3):181-4. doi: 10.1097/00004630-199005000-00002.
The degree to which patients hospitalized for a major burn displayed symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder or met the full criteria for this disorder was assessed during the course of hospitalization. Fifty-four consecutive patients were screened weekly for symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder. Sixty-three percent showed intrusive recollections of the initial trauma (partial diagnostic criteria) and 16 (29.6%) of the sample met full criteria for post-traumatic stress disorder at some point during the hospitalization. None of the patients met the full diagnostic criteria at discharge from the hospital, although one did at follow-up. Post-traumatic stress disorder was found to be related to patients' total body surface area burn, length of hospital stay, sex (female patients), and lack of responsibility for the injury. The results suggest that although post-traumatic stress disorder in patients with burn injuries generally resolves without interventions other than standard hospital care, it might be preventable if patients who are at risk for developing it receive appropriate psychologic treatment soon after the injury.
在住院期间，对因严重烧伤住院的患者出现创伤后应激障碍症状或符合该障碍全部标准的程度进行了评估。连续54例患者每周接受创伤后应激障碍症状筛查。63%的患者表现出对初始创伤的侵入性回忆（部分诊断标准），样本中的16例（29.6%）在住院期间的某个时间点符合创伤后应激障碍的全部标准。尽管有1例患者在随访时符合全部诊断标准，但出院时无患者符合全部诊断标准。研究发现，创伤后应激障碍与患者的烧伤总面积、住院时间、性别（女性患者）以及对受伤无责任有关。结果表明，尽管烧伤患者的创伤后应激障碍一般在接受标准医院护理以外无需干预即可缓解，但如果有发生该障碍风险的患者在受伤后不久接受适当的心理治疗，可能是可以预防的。
