Ogbolu Y, Iwu E N, Zhu S, Johnson J V
Office of Global Health, University of Maryland School of Nursing, 655 W. Lombard Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
Nurs Res Pract. 2013;2013:848567. doi: 10.1155/2013/848567. Epub 2013 Apr 29.
Background. Research related to prevention of maternal to child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV is dynamic and rapidly changing and has provided evidence-based interventions and policies for practitioners. However, it is uncertain that research and policy guidelines are adequately being disseminated and implemented in resource-constrained countries with the largest burden PMTCT. This study examined current PMTCT practices in 27 public health facilities in Nigeria. Methods. A cross-sectional survey of 231 practicing nurses was conducted. Current PMTCT care practices were evaluated and compared to WHO and national PMTCT policy guidelines. Linear mixed models evaluated the association between PMTCT care practices and training in PMTCT. Results. Most nurses (80%) applied practices involving newborn prophylaxis; yet significant gaps in maternal intrapartum treatment and infant feeding practices were identified. PMTCT training explained 25% of the variance in the application of PMTCT care practices. Conclusion. Key PMTCT practices are not being adequately translated from research into practice. Researchers, policymakers, and clinicians could apply the study findings to address significant knowledge translation gaps in PMTCT. Strategies derived from an implementation science perspective are suggested as a means to improve the translation of PMTCT research into practice in Sub-Saharan African medical facilities.
背景。与预防艾滋病毒母婴传播（PMTCT）相关的研究动态且变化迅速，已为从业者提供了循证干预措施和政策。然而，在承担最大PMTCT负担的资源受限国家，研究和政策指南是否得到充分传播和实施尚不确定。本研究调查了尼日利亚27家公共卫生机构当前的PMTCT实践情况。方法。对231名执业护士进行了横断面调查。评估了当前的PMTCT护理实践，并与世界卫生组织和国家PMTCT政策指南进行了比较。线性混合模型评估了PMTCT护理实践与PMTCT培训之间的关联。结果。大多数护士（80%）采用了涉及新生儿预防的做法；然而，在产妇分娩期治疗和婴儿喂养实践方面发现了显著差距。PMTCT培训解释了PMTCT护理实践应用中25%的差异。结论。关键的PMTCT实践未能充分从研究转化为实际应用。研究人员、政策制定者和临床医生可应用本研究结果来解决PMTCT中重大的知识转化差距。建议从实施科学角度衍生出的策略，作为改善撒哈拉以南非洲医疗机构将PMTCT研究转化为实际应用的一种手段。
