Delaine-Smith Robin M, Reilly Gwendolen C
The Kroto Research Institute, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, UK.
Muscles Ligaments Tendons J. 2012 Oct 16;2(3):169-80. Print 2012 Jul.
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the potential to replace or restore the function of damaged tissues and offer much promise in the successful application of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine strategies. Optimising culture conditions for the pre-differentiation of MSCs is a key goal for the research community, and this has included a number of different approaches, one of which is the use of mechanical stimuli. Mesenchymal tissues are subjected to mechanical stimuli in vivo and terminally differentiated cells from the mesenchymal lineage respond to mechanical stimulation in vivo and in vitro. MSCs have also been shown to be highly mechanosensitive and this may present an ideal method for controlling MSC differentiation. Here we present an overview of the response of MSCs to various mechanical stimuli, focusing on their differentiation towards the mesenchymal tissue lineages including bone, cartilage, tendon/ligament, muscle and adipose tissue. More research is needed to elucidate the complex interactions between biochemically and mechanically stimulated differentiation pathways.
间充质干细胞（MSCs）有潜力替代或恢复受损组织的功能，并在组织工程和再生医学策略的成功应用中展现出巨大前景。优化间充质干细胞预分化的培养条件是研究界的一个关键目标，这包括多种不同方法，其中之一是使用机械刺激。间充质组织在体内会受到机械刺激，来自间充质谱系的终末分化细胞在体内和体外都会对机械刺激作出反应。间充质干细胞也已被证明具有高度的机械敏感性，这可能是控制间充质干细胞分化的理想方法。在此，我们概述了间充质干细胞对各种机械刺激的反应，重点关注它们向包括骨、软骨、肌腱/韧带、肌肉和脂肪组织在内的间充质组织谱系的分化。需要更多研究来阐明生化刺激和机械刺激的分化途径之间的复杂相互作用。
