Zhu Jingjing, Lower-Nedza Agnieszka D, Hong Meng, Jie Song, Wang Zhimin, Yingmao Dong, Tschiggerl Christine, Bucar Franz, Brantner Adelheid H
Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
Nat Prod Commun. 2013 Apr;8(4):523-6.
Curcuma wenyujin is a traditional medicinal plant in China. The non-steamed rhizomes, steamed rhizomes and steamed roots of this plant are used as herbal medicines in three clinics, namely Pian-jiang-huang (PJH), Wen-e-zhu (WEZ), and Wen-yu-jin (WYJ), and are officially listed in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. The purpose of this study was to conduct a comparative analysis of the three essential oils extracted from the C. wenyujin rhizomes and roots using GC-MS, and in doing so thirty compounds were identified. Principal component analysis (PCA) effectively distinguished the samples taken from the three different groups. Monoterpenoids, including camphene, linalool, camphor, isoborneol, borneol and eucalyptol, were characteristic components of the PJH oil, while beta-elemene, beta-elemenone, gamma-elemene and delta-elemene were typical components of the WEZ oil, and propanenitrile, caryophyllene oxide, (-)-caryophyllene, germacrene B, pogostol and alpha-humulene were representative ingredients of the WYJ oil. The ratio of sesquiterpenoids to monoterpenoids in PJH, WEZ, and WYJ were 2:1, 5:1 and 7:1, respectively. The antimicrobial activities of the three essential oils and of the six main ingredients were tested against two bacterial and one fungal strains using agar diffusion and broth dilution methods. The essential oil of PJH was shown to present a higher antimicrobial activity than that of WEZ and WYJ. Based on the Partial Least Square Model (PLS), the correlation between the antimicrobial activity of the tested oils and the identified chemical components was discussed and potential components of the antimicrobial activity were predicted according to Variable Importance in the Project (VIP) Value. The tested monoterpenes eucalyptol and isoborneol demonstrated a higher inhibitory activity than the sesquiterpenes germacrone, curdione and beta-elemene. Therefore, the potent inhibitory effect of the PJH oil might be attributed to its higher content of monoterpenes. The MIC values for the essential oils and their ingredients ranged from 62.5 to 500 microg/mL.
莪术是中国的一种传统药用植物。该植物的非蒸煮根茎、蒸煮根茎和蒸煮根在临床上作为三种草药使用，即片姜黄（PJH）、温莪术（WEZ）和温郁金（WYJ），并被正式列入《中国药典》。本研究的目的是利用气相色谱 - 质谱联用（GC - MS）对从莪术根茎和根中提取的三种挥发油进行比较分析，共鉴定出30种化合物。主成分分析（PCA）有效地区分了来自三个不同组的样本。单萜类化合物，包括莰烯、芳樟醇、樟脑、异龙脑、冰片和桉叶油素，是片姜黄油的特征成分，而β - 榄香烯、β - 榄香烯酮、γ - 榄香烯和δ - 榄香烯是温莪术油的典型成分，丙腈、氧化石竹烯、（ - ） - 石竹烯、吉马烯B、广藿香醇和α - 葎草烯是温郁金油的代表性成分。片姜黄、温莪术和温郁金中倍半萜类化合物与单萜类化合物的比例分别为2:1、5:1和7:1。采用琼脂扩散法和肉汤稀释法，对三种挥发油及其六种主要成分对两种细菌菌株和一种真菌菌株的抗菌活性进行了测试。结果表明，片姜黄挥发油的抗菌活性高于温莪术挥发油和温郁金挥发油。基于偏最小二乘模型（PLS），讨论了受试挥发油的抗菌活性与鉴定出的化学成分之间的相关性，并根据变量重要性投影（VIP）值预测了抗菌活性的潜在成分。受试单萜类化合物桉叶油素和异龙脑的抑制活性高于倍半萜类化合物莪术酮、莪术二酮和β - 榄香烯。因此，片姜黄油的强效抑制作用可能归因于其较高的单萜类化合物含量。挥发油及其成分的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）值范围为62.5至500μg/mL。
