Hart Daniel Vander, Winter Matthew D, Conway Julie, Berry Clifford R
Departments of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610.
Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2013 Nov-Dec;54(6):652-8. doi: 10.1111/vru.12069. Epub 2013 Jun 6.
Ultrasound findings of the canine kidney include a hyperechoic cortex and a hypo to anechoic medulla. In this study, the sonographic appearance of the outer renal medulla in dogs without evidence of renal disease is described. Dogs that underwent abdominal ultrasound over a 6-month period were subjected to review and then divided into six groups based on body weight (kg): < 4.9, 5.0-9.9, 10-19.9, 20-29.9, 30-39.9, and ≥ 40. Chi-square analysis was used to determine if the frequency of a hyperechoic outer medulla was significantly different between weight groups, sex, and age (P-value < 0.05). Of the 145 dogs that met the inclusion criteria, 45 had a hyperechoic outer medulla relative to the cortex and inner medulla. In the remaining dogs, the outer medulla was isoechoic to the cortex. Dogs less than 5 kg had the highest frequency of a hyperechoic outer medulla (P < 0.0001) and dogs greater than 40 kg did not have a hyperechoic outer medulla (P < 0.0001). Sex had no influence on the presence or absence of the hyperechoic outer medulla; however, younger dogs were overrepresented (6.4 ± 0.6 years compared with 7.8 ± 0.4 years; P = 0.04). Ultrasound descriptions of the canine kidney have not taken into account the contributions of the renal cortex and outer medulla. Based on this study of dogs with no clinically significant renal disease, the outer medulla can be isoechoic or hyperechoic to the cortex and a hyperechoic outer medulla is more commonly seen in small breed dogs.
犬肾的超声检查结果包括高回声的皮质和低回声至无回声的髓质。在本研究中，描述了无肾脏疾病证据的犬外肾髓质的超声表现。对在6个月期间接受腹部超声检查的犬进行回顾，然后根据体重（kg）分为六组：<4.9、5.0 - 9.9、10 - 19.9、20 - 29.9、30 - 39.9和≥40。采用卡方分析确定高回声外髓质的频率在体重组、性别和年龄之间是否存在显著差异（P值<0.05）。在符合纳入标准的145只犬中，45只犬的外髓质相对于皮质和内髓质呈高回声。在其余犬中，外髓质与皮质等回声。体重小于5kg的犬高回声外髓质的频率最高（P<0.0001），体重超过40kg的犬没有高回声外髓质（P<0.0001）。性别对高回声外髓质的有无没有影响；然而，年轻犬的比例过高（6.4±0.6岁对比7.8±0.4岁；P = 0.04）。犬肾的超声描述未考虑肾皮质和外髓质的情况。基于对无临床显著肾脏疾病的犬的这项研究，外髓质可以与皮质等回声或高回声，并且高回声外髓质在小型犬中更常见。
