脑电图（EEG）与癫痫监测
EEG and epilepsy monitoring.
作者信息
Maganti Rama K, Rutecki Paul
机构信息
Department of Neurology, University of Wisconsin, 1685 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705, USA.
出版信息
Continuum (Minneap Minn). 2013 Jun;19(3 Epilepsy):598-622. doi: 10.1212/01.CON.0000431378.51935.d8.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
This article reviews the utility of EEG and prolonged video-EEG telemetry in the diagnosis and management of a patient with epilepsy.
RECENT FINDINGS
The EEG can be the most helpful test to determine a diagnosis of epilepsy; it can also distinguish focal and generalized neurophysiologic correlates of epilepsy. Furthermore, when paired with video monitoring, EEG can not only define epileptic and nonepileptic events but also aid in localization of seizures in patients with epilepsy. Finally, when history and other imaging modalities are considered with the EEG, the epileptic syndrome can usually be defined and the treatment can be focused. In critically ill patients, continuous EEG monitoring can define subclinical seizures, although a variety of periodic patterns may also be identified.
SUMMARY
EEG is an invaluable tool in the diagnosis and management of a patient with epilepsy, and continuous EEG monitoring is useful in identifying subclinical seizures and nonconvulsive status epilepticus in critically ill patients.
综述目的
本文综述脑电图（EEG）及长时间视频脑电图遥测技术在癫痫患者诊断及管理中的应用。
最新发现
EEG可能是确定癫痫诊断最有用的检查；它还能区分癫痫的局灶性和全身性神经生理相关性。此外，EEG与视频监测相结合时，不仅能明确癫痫性和非癫痫性事件，还有助于癫痫患者发作的定位。最后，将EEG与病史及其他影像学检查相结合时，通常可明确癫痫综合征并聚焦治疗。在重症患者中，连续EEG监测可明确亚临床发作，尽管也可能识别出多种周期性模式。
总结
EEG是癫痫患者诊断及管理中一项非常宝贵的工具，连续EEG监测有助于识别重症患者的亚临床发作及非惊厥性癫痫持续状态。
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