Azagami S, Isohata E, Oikawa T, Osano M, Shiro H
Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Keio University.
Jpn J Antibiot. 1990 Mar;43(3):405-12.
Clinical pharmacology and safety of aztreonam (AZT) in the neonatal period were investigated. The results obtained are summarized as follows. 1. Serum concentrations of AZT at 30 minutes after administration of 10 mg/kg were 22.1-32.2 micrograms/ml and those of 20 mg/kg 22.5-75.9 micrograms/ml. 2. Serum half-lives of AZT were 3.5-6.6 hours in 0-3 day-old neonates, and 2.0-4.0 hours in neonates 4 day-old or older. 3. A dose response was evident between the 10 mg/kg administration group and the 20 mg/kg group. 4. Urinary recovery rates of AZT in the first 6 hours after administration ranged between 17.8 and 69.9%. 5. No clinical side effects were observed in the administration of AZT alone (6 cases), or in combination with ampicillin (9 cases). Thrombocytosis was observed in 1 case as an abnormal laboratory finding, but it returned to normal within 1 week after the completion of AZT administration. 6. AZT had a potent antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative aerobes and hardly induced beta-lactamase. Furthermore, side effects were not observed in this study. Therefore, AZT is considered to be useful for the treatment of urinary tract infections and other serious infections caused by Gram-negative pathogens even in the neonatal period.
研究了氨曲南（AZT）在新生儿期的临床药理学及安全性。所得结果总结如下。1. 给予10mg/kg剂量后30分钟时，AZT的血清浓度为22.1 - 32.2微克/毫升，给予20mg/kg剂量时为22.5 - 75.9微克/毫升。2. 0 - 3日龄新生儿中AZT的血清半衰期为3.5 - 6.6小时，4日龄及以上新生儿中为2.0 - 4.0小时。3. 10mg/kg给药组和20mg/kg给药组之间存在明显的剂量反应。4. 给药后前6小时内AZT的尿回收率在17.8%至69.9%之间。5. 单独给予AZT（6例）或与氨苄西林联合使用（9例）均未观察到临床副作用。作为一项异常实验室检查结果，1例出现血小板增多症，但在完成AZT给药后1周内恢复正常。6. AZT对需氧革兰阴性菌具有强大的抗菌活性，且几乎不诱导β-内酰胺酶。此外，本研究中未观察到副作用。因此，即使在新生儿期，AZT也被认为可用于治疗由革兰阴性病原体引起的尿路感染及其他严重感染。
