Miranda D T S Z, Zanatta A L, Dias B C L, Fogaça R T H, Maurer J B B, Donatti L, Calder P C, Nishiyama A
Departamento de Fisiologia, Centro Politécnico, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Jardim das Américas, Curitiba, CEP 81531-990, Brazil.
Lipids. 2013 Sep;48(9):889-97. doi: 10.1007/s11745-013-3804-4. Epub 2013 Jun 7.
Episodes of acute exacerbation are the major clinical feature of asthma and therefore represent an important focus for developing novel therapies for this disease. There are many reports that the n-3 fatty acids found in fish oil exert anti-inflammatory effects, but there are few studies of the action of fish oil on airway smooth muscle (ASM) function. In the present investigation, we evaluated the effect of fish oil supplementation on smooth muscle force of contraction in ovalbumin-induced asthmatic Wistar rats, and its consequences on static lung compliance, mucus production, leukocyte chemotaxis and production of proinflammatory cytokines. Fish oil supplementation suppressed the infiltration of inflammatory cells into the lung in asthmatic animals (2.04 ± 0.19 × 10(6) cells vs. 3.33 ± 0.43 × 10(6) cells in the control asthmatic group; P < 0.05). Static lung compliance increased with fish oil supplementation in asthmatic rats (0.640 ± 0.053 mL/cm H2O vs. 0.399 ± 0.043 mL/cm H2O; P < 0.05). However, fish oil did not prevent asthma-associated lung eosinophilia and did not affect the concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β in lung tissue or the proportion of the airways obliterated with mucus. Fish oil had no effect on the force of contraction in asthmatic rats in response to acetylcholine (3.026 ± 0.274 mN vs. 2.813 ± 0.364 mN in the control asthmatic group). In conclusion, although fish oil exerts some benefits in this model of asthma, its effectiveness appears to be limited by an inefficient action on airway smooth muscle function.
急性加重发作是哮喘的主要临床特征，因此是开发该疾病新疗法的重要关注点。有许多报告称，鱼油中含有的n-3脂肪酸具有抗炎作用，但关于鱼油对气道平滑肌（ASM）功能作用的研究较少。在本研究中，我们评估了补充鱼油对卵清蛋白诱导的哮喘Wistar大鼠平滑肌收缩力的影响，及其对静态肺顺应性、黏液分泌、白细胞趋化性和促炎细胞因子产生的影响。补充鱼油可抑制哮喘动物肺部炎症细胞浸润（2.04±0.19×10⁶个细胞，对照组哮喘组为3.33±0.43×10⁶个细胞；P<0.05）。哮喘大鼠补充鱼油后静态肺顺应性增加（0.640±0.053 mL/cm H₂O对0.399±0.043 mL/cm H₂O；P<0.05）。然而，鱼油并不能预防哮喘相关的肺部嗜酸性粒细胞增多，也不影响肺组织中肿瘤坏死因子-α和白细胞介素-1β的浓度或被黏液阻塞的气道比例。鱼油对哮喘大鼠对乙酰胆碱的收缩力没有影响（3.026±0.274 mN，对照组哮喘组为2.813±0.364 mN）。总之，尽管鱼油在该哮喘模型中具有一些益处，但其有效性似乎受到对气道平滑肌功能作用效率低下的限制。
