Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China.
Transplantation. 2013 Jul 15;96(1):5-9. doi: 10.1097/TP.0b013e3182985491.
China has developed a new national program for deceased-organ donation to address the need for organ transplantation in the country. The program adheres to the World Health Organization (WHO) guiding principles, is compliant with the Declaration of Istanbul, and respects the cultural and social values of the Chinese people. The experience of pilot trials conducted between 2010 and 2012 was evaluated to generate a comprehensive design of a national program of organ donation and transplantation for implementation throughout China. The legal framework for this program was established from a series of legislative steps since 2007. Accountable national committees have been established to oversee activities of organ donation and transplantation across the nation. The Ministry of Health (MOH) has accredited 164 organ transplant hospitals in China, each of which has an organ procurement organization (OPO) to conduct organ donation and organ recovery. National protocols for deceased-organ donation in China include category I (organ donation after brain death), category II (organ donation after circulatory death), and category III (organ donation after brain death followed by circulatory death). The China Organ Transplant Response System (COTRS) has been developed to allocate organs equitably and transparently. Scientific registries have been established to evaluate the performance of transplant centers and OPOs. China is in the process of implementing a new national program for deceased-organ donation. The program includes a unique approach of organ donation, China category III, which will be promulgated throughout China and is intended to gain widespread acceptance of Chinese society.
中国制定了新的全国器官捐献计划，以满足国内器官移植的需求。该计划遵循世界卫生组织（WHO）的指导原则，符合《伊斯坦布尔宣言》，并尊重中国人民的文化和社会价值观。评估了 2010 年至 2012 年试点试验的经验，以制定一个全面的全国器官捐献和移植计划，在中国全国范围内实施。自 2007 年以来，通过一系列立法步骤，为该计划建立了法律框架。设立了负责的全国委员会，监督全国的器官捐献和移植活动。卫生部（MOH）已在中国认可了 164 家器官移植医院，每家医院都有一个器官获取组织（OPO）来进行器官捐献和器官回收。中国的死亡器官捐献国家方案包括 I 类（脑死亡后的器官捐献）、II 类（循环死亡后的器官捐献）和 III 类（脑死亡后再循环死亡后的器官捐献）。中国建立了器官移植反应系统（COTRS），以公平、透明的方式分配器官。已经建立了科学登记处，以评估移植中心和 OPO 的表现。中国正在实施新的全国器官捐献计划。该计划包括一种独特的器官捐献方法，即中国 III 类，将在中国全国范围内颁布，并旨在获得中国社会的广泛认可。
