Department of Immunology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Int J Immunogenet. 2013 Dec;40(6):509-14. doi: 10.1111/iji.12066. Epub 2013 Jun 8.
Iran is a linguistically heterogeneous nation where Persian, Turkic and Arabic are the three main language families spoken. Based on their linguistic properties, Qashqais, Turkmens and Azeris are Turkic-speaking people. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether any genetic relationship exists among the Turkic-speaking Iranian subpopulations based on HLA class II gene diversity. HLA-DRB1, DQA1 and DQB1 alleles were identified by PCR-based methods in 100 Qashqais and 66 Turkmens, and the results were compared with our previously published HLA data for Azeris. Despite a number of allelic and haplotypic similarities, Qashqais, Turkmens and Azeris were not in the same clade of the phylogenetic tree. However, based on the results of principal coordinates analysis, they are grouped together with Kurds and Bakhtiaris. Contrary to their common linguistic features, the Turkic-speaking people of Iran are closer to other Iranian subpopulations than to the people of Turkey and central Asia. Overall, it seems that linguistic criteria alone are not able to determine the relationships among these populations, and a combination of different kinds of anthropological information should be used to determine their actual phylogenetic relationships.
伊朗是一个语言多样化的国家，主要语言家族有波斯语、突厥语和阿拉伯语。根据其语言特征，卡什卡人、土库曼人和阿塞拜疆人属于突厥语族。本研究旨在探讨伊朗突厥语族人群之间是否存在遗传关系，方法是基于 HLA Ⅱ类基因多样性分析。通过 PCR 方法在 100 名卡什卡人和 66 名土库曼人中鉴定了 HLA-DRB1、DQA1 和 DQB1 等位基因，并将结果与我们之前发表的阿塞拜疆人的 HLA 数据进行了比较。尽管存在许多等位基因和单倍型相似性，但卡什卡人、土库曼人和阿塞拜疆人并没有在系统发育树的同一分支上。然而，根据主坐标分析的结果，他们与库尔德人和巴赫蒂亚里人一起分组。与他们共同的语言特征相反，伊朗的突厥语族人群与其他伊朗人群更接近，而与土耳其和中亚人群则不接近。总的来说，似乎仅凭语言标准不足以确定这些人群之间的关系，应该结合不同类型的人类学信息来确定他们的实际系统发育关系。
