School of Psychology and Psychiatry, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Intern Med J. 2013 Jun;43(6):717-21. doi: 10.1111/imj.12159.
Currently, the National Transport Commission is considering four options to form the regulatory framework for rail safety within Australia with respect to fatigue. While the National Transport Commission currently recommends no limitations around hours of work or rest, we provide evidence which suggests regulatory frameworks should incorporate a traditional hours of service regulation over more flexible policies. Our review highlights: Shift durations >12 h are associated with a doubling of risk for accident and injury. Fatigue builds cumulatively with each successive shift where rest in between is inadequate (<12 h). A regulatory framework for fatigue management within the rail industry should prescribe limits on hours of work and rest, including maximum shift duration and successive number of shifts. Appropriately, validated biomathematical models and technologies may be used as a part of a fatigue management system, to augment the protection afforded by limits on hours of work and rest. A comprehensive sleep disorder screening and management programme should form an essential component of any regulatory framework.
目前，国家运输委员会正在考虑四种选择，以形成澳大利亚铁路安全监管框架，包括疲劳问题。虽然国家运输委员会目前建议不对工作时间或休息时间进行限制，但我们提供的证据表明，监管框架应包含传统的工时服务规定，而非更为灵活的政策。我们的审查重点如下：
工作时间超过 12 小时与事故和伤害风险增加一倍有关。
休息时间不足（<12 小时）时，每次连续轮班都会累积疲劳。
铁路行业的疲劳管理监管框架应规定工作和休息时间的限制，包括最长轮班时间和连续轮班次数。
适当的、经过验证的生物数学模型和技术可作为疲劳管理系统的一部分，以增强对工时和休息时间限制所提供的保护。
全面的睡眠障碍筛查和管理计划应成为任何监管框架的重要组成部分。
