Lai P P, Say Y H
Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR), Biomedical Science, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Barat, Kampar, Perak 31900 Malaysia.
Med J Malaysia. 2013 Jun;68(3):195-203.
The objective of the study was to investigate the associated factors of sleep quality and behavior among Malaysian tertiary students. The response rate to the questionnaire study was 41.0%. 1,118 students (M = 486, F = 632; mean age = 20.06 ± 1.53 years) were recruited from Universiti and Kolej Tunku Abdul Rahman (Perak campuses) who completed a sleep quality and behavior questionnaire based on Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Horne-Ostberg Morningness-Eveningness Scale (MES) and craving of high-calorie foods. Results showed that students had the following sleeping habits - bed time = 2.41 a.m. ± 3.35 hr, rise time = 9.00 a.m. ± 1.76 hr, sleep latency = 16.65 ± 14.30 min and sleep duration = 7.31 ± 1.45 hr. 32.9% of the students were defined as poor quality sleepers, 30.6% suffering excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) and 81.6% were categorized as individuals with 'definitely eveningness', defined as people who are definitely most alert in the late evening hours and prefer to go to bed late. There were no significant gender differences in sleep quality, 'chronotype' and EDS. Although there was no association of sleep quality and EDS with cumulative Grade Point Average (cGPA) and class skipping, EDS was associated with the tendency to fall asleep in class. Body Mass Index (BMI) was not associated with total sleep, PSQI, ESS and MES scores. Meanwhile, high-calorie food craving was associated with sleep duration, PSQI and ESS, but not MES. In conclusion, poor sleep behavior among Malaysian tertiary students in this study was not associated with gender, academic performance and BMI, but was associated with craving of high-calorie foods instead.
该研究的目的是调查马来西亚大学生睡眠质量和行为的相关因素。问卷调查研究的回复率为41.0%。从马来西亚拉曼大学（霹雳校区）招募了1118名学生（男性 = 486名，女性 = 632名；平均年龄 = 20.06 ± 1.53岁），他们完成了一份基于匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）、爱泼华嗜睡量表（ESS）、霍恩-奥斯特伯格晨型-夜型量表（MES）以及对高热量食物渴望程度的睡眠质量和行为问卷。结果显示，学生们有以下睡眠习惯——就寝时间为凌晨2点41分 ± 3.35小时，起床时间为上午9点 ± 1.76小时，入睡潜伏期为16.65 ± 14.30分钟，睡眠时间为7.31 ± 1.45小时。32.9%的学生被定义为睡眠质量差的人，30.6%的学生患有白天过度嗜睡（EDS），81.6%的学生被归类为“绝对夜型”个体，即那些在深夜绝对最警觉且喜欢晚睡的人。在睡眠质量、“昼夜节律类型”和EDS方面，不存在显著的性别差异。尽管睡眠质量和EDS与累积平均绩点（cGPA）和逃课情况没有关联，但EDS与课堂上打瞌睡的倾向有关。体重指数（BMI）与总睡眠时间、PSQI、ESS和MES评分均无关联。同时，对高热量食物的渴望与睡眠时间、PSQI和ESS有关，但与MES无关。总之，本研究中马来西亚大学生不良的睡眠行为与性别、学业成绩和BMI无关，而是与对高热量食物的渴望有关。
