de Castro J M, Orozco S
Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta 30303.
Am J Clin Nutr. 1990 Aug;52(2):246-53. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/52.2.246.
Alcohol's effects on eating were investigated by paying 92 adult humans to maintain 7-d diaries of everything they ingested, the time of ingestion, their subjective state at the time of ingestion, and the number of people present at the time of ingestion. Total intakes, meal sizes, meal compositions, pre- and postmeal intervals, and deprivation and satiety ratios were compared between nondrinkers and drinkers and between meals associated with alcohol ingestion and those without. Univariate and multivariate prediction of meal size and of postmeal interval were also calculated to ascertain alcohol's contribution to the regulation. The results suggest that alcohol supplements rather than displaces macronutrient-supplied calories, that alcohol is associated with prolonged meal durations, and that alcohol calories may be unregulated. Other apparent changes in the meal pattern appear to be artifacts of time of day and meal duration.
通过支付报酬让92名成年人记录他们7天内摄入的所有食物、摄入时间、摄入时的主观状态以及摄入时在场的人数，来研究酒精对饮食的影响。比较了不饮酒者和饮酒者之间，以及与饮酒相关的餐食和不饮酒餐食之间的总摄入量、餐量、膳食组成、餐前和餐后间隔以及饥饿和饱腹感比率。还计算了餐量和餐后间隔的单变量和多变量预测，以确定酒精对调节的作用。结果表明，酒精补充而非替代了由大量营养素提供的热量，酒精与较长的用餐时间有关，并且酒精热量可能不受调节。用餐模式中的其他明显变化似乎是一天中的时间和用餐时长造成的假象。
