De Castro J M
Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta 30303-3083.
Physiol Behav. 1993 Jun;53(6):1133-44. doi: 10.1016/0031-9384(93)90370-u.
The influence of the ingestion of particular beverages and foods on the overall nutrient intakes and meal patterns of humans was investigated by paying 323 adults to maintain 7-day diaries of everything they ingested, time of ingestion, and subjective and social conditions. Ingestion of noncaloric beverages, diet sodas, and coffee or tea, were associated with low overall intakes but were not found to influence the amount eaten over the course of the day or in individual meals. Fifteen different caloric containing drink or food types were found, in general, to add to the total calories ingested in meals or over the day without displacing calories ingested in other forms. The results indicate that individual foods or beverages are ingested independent of other constituents and that intake within meals or over the entire day is elastic and readily influenced by nonregulatory factors.
通过支付报酬让323名成年人记录他们摄入的所有食物、摄入时间以及主观和社交状况，维持7天的饮食日记，研究了特定饮料和食物的摄入对人类总体营养摄入和饮食模式的影响。饮用无热量饮料、无糖汽水以及咖啡或茶与总体摄入量较低有关，但未发现会影响一天中或各餐的进食量。一般来说，发现15种不同的含热量饮料或食物类型会增加餐食或一天中摄入的总热量，而不会取代以其他形式摄入的热量。结果表明，个体食物或饮料的摄入独立于其他成分，并且餐内或一整天的摄入量具有弹性，很容易受到非调节因素的影响。
