Wang Xiao Lu, Yip Paul S F, Chan Cecilia L W
ExCEL3 Project of Faculty of Social Sciences (Dr Wang), Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention (Dr Yip), Department of Social Work and Social Administration (Drs Yip and Chan), and Centre on Behavioral Health (Dr Chan), University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
J Public Health Manag Pract. 2016 May-Jun;22(3):E39-46. doi: 10.1097/PHH.0b013e31829a303c.
Local workforces play a critical role in disaster relief and reconstruction. However, the mental health of local relief workers might be affected by disasters, threatening the sustainability of local workforces. In this study, we tried to address this concern by investigating the well-being of local relief workers and its association with suicidal ideation.
A retrospective study was conducted. Surveys were designed to collect data from a purposive sample of local disaster relief workers who survived a disaster. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to test hypotheses.
The study sample was from a population of local relief workers in the worst quake-hit regions in China in 2008. The respondents were local relief workers from a town in these regions. All of the 83 local relief workers were invited 11 months after the earthquake, and 70 joined the study, resulting in a response rate of 84.3%.
The dependent variable was postdisaster suicidal ideation. The independent variables were bereavement, depression and posttraumatic stress, daily work hours, job burnout, work-family conflict, and work engagement.
Approximately 21.4% of participants reported suicidal ideation after the earthquake in comparison with 7.1% before the earthquake. One potential risk factor was an interaction effect of job burnout and work-family conflict (odds ratio [OR] = 3.738; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.086-12.868). Potential protective factors included daily work hours (OR = 0.317; 95% CI, 0.106-0.952) and work engagement (OR = 0.297; 95% CI, 0.091-0.969).
Findings suggest that for local relief workers who are also disaster survivors, meaningful engagement such as participation in disaster relief could be salutary to their mental health, but overwork and interference with personal life could be harmful and increase the risk of suicidal ideation. Discretion is needed in managing local workforces, particularly with long work hours and work-family balance.
当地劳动力在救灾和重建中发挥着关键作用。然而，当地救援人员的心理健康可能会受到灾难的影响，这对当地劳动力的可持续性构成威胁。在本研究中，我们试图通过调查当地救援人员的幸福感及其与自杀意念的关联来解决这一问题。
进行了一项回顾性研究。调查旨在从经历过灾难且幸存的当地救灾人员的目标样本中收集数据。进行二元逻辑回归分析以检验假设。
研究样本来自2008年中国受灾最严重地区的当地救援人员群体。受访者是这些地区一个城镇的当地救援人员。在地震发生11个月后，邀请了所有83名当地救援人员，70人参与了研究，回复率为84.3%。
因变量是灾后自杀意念。自变量是丧亲之痛、抑郁和创伤后应激、每日工作时长、职业倦怠、工作与家庭冲突以及工作投入度。
与地震前7.1%的比例相比，约21.4%的参与者在地震后报告有自杀意念。一个潜在风险因素是职业倦怠与工作-家庭冲突的交互作用（比值比[OR]=3.738；95%置信区间[CI]，1.086 - 12.868）。潜在保护因素包括每日工作时长（OR = 0.317；95% CI，0.106 - 0.952）和工作投入度（OR = 0.297；95% CI，0.091 - 0.969）。
研究结果表明，对于也是灾难幸存者的当地救援人员来说，参与救灾等有意义的活动可能有益于他们的心理健康，但过度工作和对个人生活的干扰可能有害，并增加自杀意念的风险。在管理当地劳动力时需要谨慎，特别是在工作时间长和工作与家庭平衡方面。
