Brook J S, Brook D W, Gordon A S, Whiteman M, Cohen P
Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029.
Genet Soc Gen Psychol Monogr. 1990 May;116(2):111-267.
The purpose of this monograph was to propose a framework, family interactional theory, for explaining the psychosocial aspects of adolescent drug use. Three themes are stressed: (a) the extension of developmental perspectives on drug use, (b) the elucidation of family (especially parental) influences leading to drug use, and (c) the exploration of factors that increase or mitigate adolescents' vulnerability to drug use. We present a developmental model with two components; the first deals with adolescent pathways to drug use, and the second incorporates childhood factors. The model was tested in two studies: one cross-sectional study of 649 college students and their fathers, and one longitudinal study of 429 children and their mothers. The subjects were given self-administered questionnaires containing scales measuring the personality, family, and peer variables outlined in the model. The results of each study supported the hypothesized model, with some differences between parental influences. We also found that individual protective factors (e.g., adolescent conventionality, parent-child attachment) could offset risk factors (e.g., peer drug use) and enhance other protective factors, resulting in less adolescent marijuana use. Implications of the findings for prevention and treatment, future research, and public policy are discussed.
本专著的目的是提出一个用于解释青少年药物使用心理社会层面的框架——家庭互动理论。强调了三个主题：（a）对药物使用发展视角的拓展；（b）阐明导致药物使用的家庭（尤其是父母）影响；（c）探究增加或减轻青少年药物使用易感性的因素。我们提出了一个包含两个部分的发展模型；第一部分涉及青少年的药物使用途径，第二部分纳入了童年因素。该模型在两项研究中得到检验：一项对649名大学生及其父亲的横断面研究，以及一项对429名儿童及其母亲的纵向研究。受试者填写了自填式问卷，问卷包含测量模型中所概述的人格、家庭和同伴变量的量表。每项研究的结果都支持了假设模型，父母影响方面存在一些差异。我们还发现，个体保护因素（如青少年的传统观念、亲子依恋）可以抵消风险因素（如同伴药物使用）并增强其他保护因素，从而减少青少年大麻使用。讨论了研究结果对预防和治疗、未来研究及公共政策的启示。
