Department of Orthopaedics, Tokyo Kosei Nenkin Hospital, 5-1 Tsukudo-cho Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8543, Japan.
Am J Sports Med. 2013 Aug;41(8):1915-21. doi: 10.1177/0363546513490662. Epub 2013 Jun 13.
Few studies have documented catastrophic head and neck injuries in judo, but these injuries deserve greater attention.
To determine the features of catastrophic head and neck injuries in judo.
Descriptive epidemiological study.
This study was based on the accident reports submitted to the All Japan Judo Federation's System for Compensation for Loss or Damage. A total of 72 judo injuries (30 head, 19 neck, and 23 other injuries) were reported between 2003 and 2010. The investigated parameters were mechanism of injury, age at time of injury, length of judo experience, diagnosis, and outcome.
Among head injuries, 27 of 30 (90%) occurred in players younger than 20 years of age. The relationship between age, mechanism, and location of injury was more relevant when players younger than 20 years incurred head injury while being thrown (P = .0026). Among neck injuries, 13 of 19 (68%) occurred in players with more than 36 months of experience. The relationship between experience, mechanism, and location of injury was more relevant when experienced players incurred neck injury while executing an offensive maneuver (P = .0294). Acute subdural hematoma was diagnosed in 94% of head injuries. The outcomes of head injury were as follows: 15 players died; 5 were in a persistent vegetative state; 6 required assistance because of higher brain dysfunction, hemiplegia, or aphasia; and 4 had full recovery. Among neck injuries, 18 players were diagnosed with cervical spine injury, 11 of whom had fracture-dislocation of the cervical vertebra; there was also 1 case of atlantoaxial subluxation. The outcomes of neck injury were as follows: 7 players had complete paralysis, 7 had incomplete paralysis, and 5 had full recovery.
Neck injuries were associated with having more experience and executing offensive maneuvers, whereas head injuries were associated with age younger than 20 years and with being thrown.
鲜有研究记录过柔道中的灾难性头颈部损伤，但这些损伤值得更多关注。
确定柔道中灾难性头颈部损伤的特征。
描述性流行病学研究。
本研究基于提交给全日本柔道联盟损失赔偿系统的事故报告。2003 年至 2010 年期间共报告了 72 例柔道损伤（30 例头部、19 例颈部和 23 例其他损伤）。调查的参数包括损伤机制、受伤时的年龄、柔道经验年限、诊断和结果。
在头部损伤中，30 例中有 27 例（90%）发生在 20 岁以下的运动员中。当 20 岁以下的运动员在被投掷时发生头部损伤时，年龄、机制和损伤部位之间的关系更为相关（P =.0026）。在颈部损伤中，19 例中有 13 例（68%）发生在经验超过 36 个月的运动员中。当经验丰富的运动员在执行进攻动作时发生颈部损伤时，经验、机制和损伤部位之间的关系更为相关（P =.0294）。94%的头部损伤被诊断为急性硬膜下血肿。头部损伤的结果如下：15 名运动员死亡；5 名处于持续植物人状态；6 名因大脑高级功能障碍、偏瘫或失语需要协助；4 名完全康复。在颈部损伤中，18 名运动员被诊断为颈椎损伤，其中 11 名有颈椎骨折脱位；还有 1 例寰枢关节半脱位。颈部损伤的结果如下：7 名运动员完全瘫痪，7 名运动员不完全瘫痪，5 名运动员完全康复。
颈部损伤与经验丰富和执行进攻动作有关，而头部损伤与 20 岁以下年龄和被投掷有关。
