Griffin Matthew D, Elliman Stephen J, Cahill Emer, English Karen, Ceredig Rhodri, Ritter Thomas
Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.
Stem Cells. 2013 Oct;31(10):2033-41. doi: 10.1002/stem.1452.
Mesenchymal stromal (stem) cells (MSCs) continue to be a strong area of focus for academic- and industry-based researchers who share the goal of expanding their therapeutic use for diverse inflammatory and immune-mediated diseases. Recently, there has been an accelerated rate of scientific publication, clinical trial activity, and commercialisation in the field. This has included the reporting of exciting new developments in four areas that will be of key importance to future successful use of MSC-based therapies in large numbers of patients: (a) fundamental biology of the primary cells in bone marrow and other tissues that give rise to MSCs in culture. (b) Mechanisms by which MSCs modulate immune and inflammatory responses in vivo. (c) Insights into MSC kinetics, safety, and efficacy in relevant animal disease models. (d) Isolation, definition, and clinical trial-based testing of human MSCs by biomedical companies and academic medical centers. Despite this progress, it remains unclear whether MSCs will enter mainstream therapeutic practice as a frequently used alternative to pharmacotherapy or surgical/radiological procedures in the foreseeable future. In this review, we summarize some of the most significant new developments for each of the four areas that contribute to the process of translating MSC research to the clinical arena. In the context of this recent progress, we discuss key challenges and specific knowledge gaps which, if not addressed in a coordinated fashion, may hinder the creation of robust "translational pipelines" for consolidating the status of MSC-based therapies.
间充质基质（干）细胞（MSCs）仍然是学术界和产业界研究人员关注的重点领域，他们有着共同的目标，即扩大其在多种炎症和免疫介导疾病中的治疗应用。最近，该领域的科学出版物数量、临床试验活动和商业化进程都在加速。这包括在四个领域报告了令人兴奋的新进展，这些进展对于未来大量患者成功使用基于MSC的疗法至关重要：（a）骨髓和其他组织中在培养中产生MSCs的原代细胞的基础生物学。（b）MSCs在体内调节免疫和炎症反应的机制。（c）对相关动物疾病模型中MSC动力学、安全性和疗效的见解。（d）生物医学公司和学术医疗中心对人MSCs的分离、定义和基于临床试验的测试。尽管取得了这些进展，但在可预见的未来，MSCs是否会作为药物治疗或手术/放射程序的常用替代方法进入主流治疗实践仍不清楚。在这篇综述中，我们总结了四个领域中一些最重要的新进展，这些进展有助于将MSC研究转化为临床应用。在最近取得进展的背景下，我们讨论了关键挑战和特定的知识空白，如果不以协调的方式加以解决，可能会阻碍建立强大的“转化管道”以巩固基于MSC的疗法的地位。
