Gaugler R
Department of Entomology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903.
J Econ Entomol. 1990 Jun;83(3):887-91. doi: 10.1093/jee/83.3.887.
Effects of salinity on the survival, growth, and development of stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.), were investigated in the laboratory. Larvae failed to develop to pupation when reared in media containing a salinity of 40 parts per thousand (ppt) sodium chloride (NaCl). Maximum salinity supporting larval development equaled the salinity of seawater (34 ppt); the larval LC90 was 24.2 ppt. Deleterious effects of high salinity decreased as larvae matured. Six-day-old larvae reared at a salinity of 34 ppt weighed 79% less than controls, compared with a 36% difference in 9-d-old larvae; by pupation, the difference was only 24%. Salinity did not influence the duration of larval, pupal, or adult stages. Survival of pupae was unimpaired despite a slight increase in number of pupal deformities, and normal adults emerged. Eggs were highly tolerant to saline. They hatched at salinity concentrations lethal to larvae; greater than 50% hatch occurred even when eggs were maintained at 80 ppt NaCl. Sensitivity of larvae to salinities close to that of seawater might be important for control of stable flies inhabiting marine areas.
在实验室中研究了盐度对厩螫蝇（Stomoxys calcitrans (L.)）存活、生长和发育的影响。当在含有千分之40氯化钠（NaCl）盐度的培养基中饲养时，幼虫无法发育至化蛹阶段。支持幼虫发育的最高盐度等同于海水盐度（34‰）；幼虫的LC90为24.2‰。随着幼虫成熟，高盐度的有害影响会降低。在34‰盐度下饲养的6日龄幼虫体重比对照组轻79%，而9日龄幼虫的差异为36%；到化蛹时，差异仅为24%。盐度并未影响幼虫、蛹或成虫阶段的持续时间。尽管蛹的畸形数量略有增加，但蛹的存活未受影响，且羽化出正常成虫。卵对盐分具有高度耐受性。它们在对幼虫致命的盐度浓度下孵化；即使将卵置于80‰ NaCl环境中，孵化率仍超过50%。幼虫对接近海水盐度的敏感性可能对控制栖息在海洋区域的厩螫蝇具有重要意义。
