Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael's Hospital, 30 Bond Street, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada.
Implement Sci. 2013 Jun 14;8:68. doi: 10.1186/1748-5908-8-68.
Systematic reviews provide evidence for clinical questions, however the literature suggests they are not used regularly by physicians for decision-making. A shortened systematic review format is proposed as one possible solution to address barriers, such as lack of time, experienced by busy clinicians. The purpose of this paper is to describe the development process of two shortened formats for a systematic review intended for use by primary care physicians as an information tool for clinical decision-making.
We developed prototypes for two formats (case-based and evidence-expertise) that represent a summary of a full-length systematic review before seeking input from end-users. The process was composed of the following four phases: 1) selection of a systematic review and creation of initial prototypes that represent a shortened version of the systematic review; 2) a mapping exercise to identify obstacles described by clinicians in using clinical evidence in decision-making; 3) a heuristic evaluation (a usability inspection method); and 4) a review of the clinical content in the prototypes.
After the initial prototypes were created (Phase 1), the mapping exercise (Phase 2) identified components that prompted modifications. Similarly, the heuristic evaluation and the clinical content review (Phase 3 and Phase 4) uncovered necessary changes. Revisions were made to the prototypes based on the results.
Documentation of the processes for developing products or tools provides essential information about how they are tailored for the intended user. One step has been described that we hope will increase usability and uptake of these documents to end-users.
系统评价为临床问题提供了证据，但文献表明，医生在决策时并未经常使用它们。提出缩短系统评价格式是解决忙碌临床医生面临的时间不足、经验不足等障碍的一种可能方法。本文旨在描述两种缩短格式的开发过程，这两种格式旨在作为临床决策信息工具，供初级保健医生使用。
我们开发了两种格式（基于案例和基于证据的专业知识）的原型，这些原型代表了完整系统评价的摘要，然后再寻求最终用户的意见。该过程由以下四个阶段组成：1）选择系统评价并创建代表系统评价缩短版的初始原型；2）进行映射练习，以确定临床医生在决策中使用临床证据时遇到的障碍；3）启发式评估（一种可用性检查方法）；4）审查原型中的临床内容。
创建初始原型后（第 1 阶段），映射练习（第 2 阶段）确定了需要修改的组件。同样，启发式评估和临床内容审查（第 3 阶段和第 4 阶段）发现了必要的更改。根据结果对原型进行了修订。
记录产品或工具的开发过程提供了有关如何针对预期用户进行定制的重要信息。已经描述了一个步骤，我们希望这将提高这些文档对最终用户的可用性和采用率。
