Norris R, Carroll D, Cochrane R
School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, U.K.
J Psychosom Res. 1990;34(4):367-75. doi: 10.1016/0022-3999(90)90060-h.
To determine whether fitness alters psychological and physiological indices of well-being, male police officers were assigned to either an aerobic or anaerobic training condition or to a no treatment control group. The training groups met three times per week in 45 min sessions aimed at improving either cardiovascular endurance or muscle strength. Aerobic fitness level, heart rate, blood pressure and self-report of stress and well-being were measured prior to and following 10 weeks of training. Post-training fitness measures confirmed the effectiveness of training and between group differences for physiological and self-report measures were found. Subjects undergoing aerobic training evinced larger changes on the self-report measures of well-being and stress than the anaerobic trainers and both groups showed significant improvement when compared to controls. This experiment provides support for the hypothesis that exercise, and in particular aerobic exercise, has positive effects of well-being. It is suggested that future research might usefully explore the particular contribution of different aspects of the training situation to these effects.
为了确定体能锻炼是否会改变幸福的心理和生理指标，男性警察被分配到有氧训练组、无氧训练组或不接受任何治疗的对照组。训练组每周进行三次时长45分钟的训练，旨在提高心血管耐力或肌肉力量。在为期10周的训练前后，测量有氧适能水平、心率、血压以及压力和幸福感的自我报告。训练后的体能测试证实了训练的有效性，且在生理和自我报告测量方面发现了组间差异。与无氧训练者相比，进行有氧训练的受试者在幸福感和压力的自我报告测量方面有更大的变化，并且与对照组相比，两组都有显著改善。该实验为运动，尤其是有氧运动对幸福感有积极影响这一假设提供了支持。建议未来的研究可以有益地探索训练情境不同方面对这些影响的具体作用。
