Cardiovascular Research Group, Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Medical Biology, University of Tromsø, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway.
Br J Nutr. 2013 Dec;110(12):2186-93. doi: 10.1017/S0007114513001839. Epub 2013 Jun 17.
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of oil extracted from the zooplankton Calanus finmarchicus (Calanus oil) on diet-induced obesity and obesity-related disorders in mice. C57BL/6J mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD, 45% energy from fat) exhibited increased body weight and abdominal fat accumulation as well as impaired glucose tolerance compared with mice fed a normal chow diet (10% energy from fat). Supplementing the HFD with 1.5% (w/w) Calanus oil reduced body-weight gain, abdominal fat accumulation and hepatic steatosis by 16, 27 and 41%, respectively, and improved glucose tolerance by 16%. Calanus oil supplementation reduced adipocyte size and increased the mRNA expression of adiponectin in adipose tissue. It also reduced macrophage infiltration by more than 70%, accompanied by reduced mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6 and monocyte chemotactic protein-1). The effects of Calanus oil were not only preventive, but also therapeutic, as the oil proved to be beneficial, regardless of whether the supplementation was started before or after the onset of obesity and glucose intolerance. Although the present study cannot pinpoint the active component(s) of the oil, there is reason to believe that the n-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA and/or antioxidants are responsible for its beneficial effects. It should be noted that the concentration of n-3 fatty acids in the Calanus oil diet was considerably lower than the concentrations used in similar studies reporting beneficial effects on obesity and obesity-related abnormalities.
本研究旨在探讨从浮游动物磷虾（磷虾油）中提取的油对高脂肪饮食诱导的肥胖和肥胖相关疾病的影响。与正常饲料（10%能量来自脂肪）相比，喂食高脂肪饮食（HFD，45%能量来自脂肪）的 C57BL/6J 小鼠体重增加、腹部脂肪堆积，以及葡萄糖耐量受损。在 HFD 中添加 1.5%（w/w）的磷虾油可分别使体重增加减少 16%、腹部脂肪堆积减少 27%、肝脂肪变性减少 41%，并使葡萄糖耐量提高 16%。磷虾油补充剂还可减少脂肪细胞大小，并增加脂肪组织中脂联素的 mRNA 表达。它还使巨噬细胞浸润减少了 70%以上，伴随着促炎细胞因子（TNF-α、IL-6 和单核细胞趋化蛋白-1）的 mRNA 表达降低。磷虾油的作用不仅具有预防作用，而且具有治疗作用，因为无论在肥胖和葡萄糖耐量受损之前或之后开始补充，油都被证明是有益的。虽然本研究不能确定油的有效成分，但有理由相信 EPA 和 DHA 等 n-3 脂肪酸和/或抗氧化剂是其有益作用的原因。需要注意的是，磷虾油饮食中的 n-3 脂肪酸浓度远低于类似研究中报告对肥胖和肥胖相关异常有益的浓度。
