Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Animal Health Microbacteriology Laboratory (Germplasm), Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Theriogenology. 2013 Sep 15;80(5):451-5. doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2013.04.028. Epub 2013 Jun 12.
Bovine diarrhea virus (BVDV) causes a variety of economically important enteric and infertility problems in cattle. For that reason, several countries have eradicated the disease, and some others have schemes in progress to achieve freedom. Although there is a considerable amount of information about the risk of BVDV transmission through contaminated semen used for artificial insemination (AI), there is no evidence to indicate whether the resulting embryos, when used for embryo transfer, can lead to the transmission of BVDV to recipients or offspring. For this experiment, semen from a bull persistently infected with BVDV (10(5) 50% tissue culture infective doses/mL NY strain) was used for insemination (two times at estrus) of BVDV-seronegative, superovulated cows (N = 35). Embryos were collected 7 days after insemination and subsequently were washed according to the International Embryo Transfer Society recommendations or left unwashed. Out of 302 collected oocytes and embryos, 173 (57%) were fertilized and the remaining 129 (43%) had degenerated. Infectious BVDV was detected in 24% (17/71) of unwashed and 10% (8/77) of washed embryos, and in all (N = 11) follicular fluid samples, oviductal epithelial cells, endometrium, and corpora lutea tissues as determined by the virus isolation test. After transfer of 39 washed embryos to 27 BVDV-seronegative recipients, 12 (44%) cows became pregnant and 17 calves free of BVDV and BVDV antibodies, including five sets of twins, were born. After embryo transfer, all pregnant and nonpregnant recipients remained free of BVDV and antibodies. In conclusion, results herein suggest that BVDV can be transmitted by AI resulting in the production of some proportion of contaminated embryos. However, it appears that such embryos, when washed according to International Embryo Transfer Society and the World Organization for Animal Health guidelines do not cause BVDV transmission to recipients or their offspring.
牛病毒性腹泻病毒（BVDV）可引起牛的多种重要肠道和生殖问题。因此，一些国家已经根除了这种疾病，还有一些国家正在制定计划以实现无该病状态。虽然有大量关于通过用于人工授精的受污染精液传播 BVDV 的风险信息，但没有证据表明使用这些精液生产的胚胎在进行胚胎移植时是否会导致 BVDV 传播给受体或后代。在本实验中，使用持续感染 BVDV（10(5)50%组织培养感染剂量/mL NY 株）的公牛精液对 BVDV 血清阴性、超数排卵的母牛进行两次授精（发情期）（N = 35）。胚胎于授精后 7 天收集，随后根据国际胚胎移植协会的建议进行洗涤或不洗涤。在收集的 302 个卵母细胞和胚胎中，有 173 个（57%）受精，129 个（43%）退化。未洗涤的胚胎中有 24%（17/71）和洗涤后的胚胎中有 10%（8/77）检测到传染性 BVDV，通过病毒分离试验还在所有（N = 11）卵泡液样本、输卵管上皮细胞、子宫内膜和黄体组织中检测到 BVDV。将 39 个洗涤后的胚胎移植到 27 头 BVDV 血清阴性受体中，有 12 头（44%）母牛怀孕，17 头小牛无 BVDV 和 BVDV 抗体出生，包括 5 对双胞胎。胚胎移植后，所有怀孕和未怀孕的受体均无 BVDV 和抗体。总之，本研究结果表明，BVDV 可通过 AI 传播，导致一定比例的受污染胚胎产生。然而，似乎根据国际胚胎移植协会和世界动物卫生组织的指南进行洗涤可以防止 BVDV 传播给受体或其后代。
