Population Studies Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia PA 19104, USA.
Soc Sci Med. 2013 Nov;97:278-87. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2013.05.016. Epub 2013 May 28.
Recent research has demonstrated some growth recovery among children stunted in infancy. Less is known about key age ranges for such growth recovery, and what factors are correlates with this growth. This study characterized child growth up to age 1 year, and from ages 1 to 5 and 5 to 8 years controlling for initial height-for-age z-score (HAZ), and identified key distal household and community factors associated with these growth measures using longitudinal data on 7266 children in the Young Lives (YL) study in Ethiopia, India, Peru and Vietnam. HAZ at about age 1 year and age in months predicted much of the variation in HAZ at age 5 years, but 40-71% was not predicted. Similarly, HAZ at age 5 years and age in months did not predict 26-47% of variation in HAZ at 8 years. Multiple regression analysis suggests that parental schooling, consumption, and mothers' height are key correlates of HAZ at about age 1 and also are associated with unpredicted change in HAZ from ages 1 to 5 and 5 to 8 years, given initial HAZ. These results underline the importance of a child's starting point in infancy in determining his or her growth, point to key distal household and community factors that may determine early growth in early life and subsequent growth recovery and growth failure, and indicate that these factors vary some by country, urban/rural designation, and child sex.
最近的研究表明，一些在婴儿期发育迟缓的儿童出现了生长恢复。对于这种生长恢复的关键年龄范围以及哪些因素与之相关，人们了解得较少。本研究通过对埃塞俄比亚、印度、秘鲁和越南的“生命之始”（YL）研究中 7266 名儿童的纵向数据进行分析，描述了儿童在 1 岁以下、1 至 5 岁和 5 至 8 岁期间的生长情况，并确定了与这些生长指标相关的关键家庭和社区因素。1 岁左右和月龄时的身高年龄 Z 分数（HAZ）预测了 5 岁时 HAZ 的大部分变异，但仍有 40-71%的变异无法预测。同样，5 岁时的 HAZ 和月龄也不能预测 8 岁时 HAZ 变异的 26-47%。多元回归分析表明，父母的受教育程度、消费情况和母亲的身高是 1 岁左右 HAZ 的关键相关因素，并且与初始 HAZ 相关的 HAZ 从 1 岁到 5 岁以及从 5 岁到 8 岁之间的未预测变化有关。这些结果强调了儿童在婴儿期的起点在决定其生长方面的重要性，指出了可能决定生命早期生长以及随后的生长恢复和生长失败的关键家庭和社区因素，并表明这些因素在不同国家、城乡划分和儿童性别之间存在差异。
