DDX17 promotes the production of infectious HIV-1 particles through modulating viral RNA packaging and translation frameshift.

RNA helicases are a large family of proteins that rearrange RNA structures and remodel ribonucleic protein complexes using energy derived from hydrolysis of nucleotide triphosphates. They have been shown to participate in every step of RNA metabolism. In the past decade, an increasing number of helicases were shown to promote or inhibit the replication of different viruses, including human immunodeficiency virus type 1. Among these helicases, the DEAD-box RNA helicase DDX17 was recently reported to modulate HIV-1 RNA stability and export. In this study, we further show that the helicase activity of DDX17 is required for the production of infectious HIV-1 particles. Over expression of the DDX17 mutant DQAD in HEK293 cells reduces the amount of packaged viral genomic RNA and diminishes HIV-1 Gag-Pol frameshift. Altogether, these data demonstrate that DDX17 promotes the production of HIV-1 infectious particles by modulating HIV-1 RNA metabolism.