Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, United States; Diabetes Research Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, United States.
Curr Opin Biotechnol. 2013 Oct;24(5):900-8. doi: 10.1016/j.copbio.2013.05.004. Epub 2013 Jun 12.
Intraportal islet transplantation has emerged as a promising treatment for type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Nevertheless, long-term efficacy has been limited to a marginal number of patients. Outcomes have been restricted, in part, by challenges associated with the transplant site, poor vascularization, and disruption of the native islet architecture during the isolation process. Engineering a biomaterial platform that recapitulates critical components of the pancreatic environment can serve to address these hurdles. This review highlights the challenges and opportunities in engineering 3D niches for islets, specifically: the importance of site selection; the application of scaffold functionalization to present bioactive motifs; and the development of technologies for enhancing implant nutritional profiles. The potential of these novel approaches to improve islet engraftment and duration of function is discussed.
门静脉内胰岛移植已成为治疗 1 型糖尿病(T1DM)的一种很有前途的方法。然而,长期疗效仅限于少数患者。部分原因是由于移植部位、血管生成不良以及在分离过程中破坏了固有胰岛结构等方面的挑战导致了这种结果。设计一种能够重现胰腺环境关键成分的生物材料平台,可以用来解决这些难题。这篇综述强调了为胰岛工程设计 3D 小生境所面临的挑战和机遇,特别是:部位选择的重要性;支架功能化以呈现生物活性基序的应用;以及增强植入物营养谱的技术的发展。讨论了这些新方法在改善胰岛移植和功能持续时间方面的潜力。