Physical Education and Human Performance Department, Central Connecticut State University, New Britain, Connecticut, USA.
J Strength Cond Res. 2013 Aug;27(8):2255-62. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e31827da314.
The purpose of the study was to examine the effects of switching from a habitual diet to a carbohydrate-restricted diet (CRD) on strength and power performance in trained men (n = 16) and women (n = 15). Subjects performed handgrip dynamometry, vertical jump, 1RM bench press and back squat, maximum-repetition bench press, and a 30-second Wingate anaerobic cycling test after consuming a habitual diet (40.7% carbohydrate, 22.2% protein, and 34.4% fat) for 7 days and again after following a CRD (5.4% carbohydrate, 35.1% protein, and 53.6% fat) for 7 days. Before both testing sessions, body weight and composition were examined using bioelectrical impedance analysis. Three 2 × 2 multiple analyses of variance were used to compare performance variables between the habitual diet and CRD. Subjects consumed significantly fewer (p < 0.05) total kilocalories during the CRD (2,156.55 ± 126.7) compared with the habitual diet (2,537.43 ± 99.5). Body mass decreased significantly (p < 0.05). Despite a reduction in body mass, strength and power outputs were maintained for men and women during the CRD. These findings may have implications for sports that use weight classes, and in which strength and power are determinants of success. A CRD may be an alternative method for short-term weight loss without compromising strength and power outputs. The use of a 7-day CRD could replace weight loss methods employing severe dehydration before competition.
本研究的目的是检验从习惯性饮食切换到低碳水化合物饮食（CRD）对经过训练的男性（n = 16）和女性（n = 15）的力量和功率表现的影响。受试者在食用习惯性饮食（40.7%碳水化合物、22.2%蛋白质和 34.4%脂肪）7 天后和再次遵循 CRD（5.4%碳水化合物、35.1%蛋白质和 53.6%脂肪）7 天后，进行握力测力计、垂直跳跃、1RM 卧推和深蹲、最大重复次数卧推和 30 秒的 Wingate 无氧自行车测试。在两次测试之前，使用生物电阻抗分析检查体重和成分。使用 3 个 2×2 多元方差分析比较习惯性饮食和 CRD 之间的性能变量。在 CRD 期间（2156.55 ± 126.7），与习惯性饮食相比（2537.43 ± 99.5），受试者消耗的总卡路里明显减少（p < 0.05）。体重明显下降（p < 0.05）。尽管体重减轻，但男性和女性在 CRD 期间的力量和功率输出保持不变。这些发现可能对使用体重级别的运动有影响，而力量和功率是成功的决定因素。CRD 可能是一种短期减肥的替代方法，而不会影响力量和功率输出。使用 7 天的 CRD 可以替代在比赛前采用严重脱水的减肥方法。
