Zwyghuizen-Doorenbos A, Roehrs T, Timms V, Roth T
Henry Ford Hospital Sleep Disorders and Research Center, Detroit, Michigan.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1990 Jun;14(3):400-4. doi: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.1990.tb00494.x.
Twenty-four healthy, normal-sleeping, males aged 21-35 were screened for basal levels of sleepiness using the Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT). Twelve subjects had basal average daily sleep latencies of less than or equal to 6 min (sleepy) and 12 had latencies of greater than or equal to 16 min (alert) on the MSLT. Subjects consumed either ethanol (0.75 mg/kg) or placebo at 0900-0930 after spending 8 hr time in bed (TIB) the previous night. Sleep latency was measured at 1000, 1200, 1400, and 1600 hr. Divided attention performance and the Stanford Sleepiness Scale (SSS) were assessed at 1100 hr. Breath ethanol concentration (BEC) was determined prior to each latency test. Ethanol decreased average daily sleep latency, divided attention scores and SSS ratings. There were individual differences in the sedating and impairing effects of ethanol, related to subjects' basal level of sleepiness/alertness. The alert subjects exhibited longer sleep latencies and higher performance scores after ethanol administration than the sleepy subjects after placebo. Subjectively the groups had a similar level of sleepiness on placebo and were similarly sedated with ethanol.
使用多次睡眠潜伏期试验（MSLT）对24名年龄在21至35岁、健康、睡眠正常的男性进行了嗜睡基础水平筛查。12名受试者在MSLT上的基础平均每日睡眠潜伏期小于或等于6分钟（嗜睡），12名受试者的潜伏期大于或等于16分钟（清醒）。在前一晚卧床8小时（TIB）后，受试者于09:00至09:30服用乙醇（0.75mg/kg）或安慰剂。在10:00、12:00、14:00和16:00测量睡眠潜伏期。在11:00评估注意力分散表现和斯坦福嗜睡量表（SSS）。在每次潜伏期测试前测定呼气乙醇浓度（BEC）。乙醇降低了平均每日睡眠潜伏期、注意力分散得分和SSS评分。乙醇的镇静和损害作用存在个体差异，这与受试者的嗜睡/清醒基础水平有关。与服用安慰剂后的嗜睡受试者相比，清醒受试者在服用乙醇后表现出更长的睡眠潜伏期和更高的表现得分。主观上，两组在服用安慰剂时的嗜睡水平相似，服用乙醇后的镇静程度也相似。
