Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, 285 Old Westport Road, North Dartmouth, MA 02747, USA.
Environ Sci Process Impacts. 2013 Aug;15(8):1529-35. doi: 10.1039/c3em00239j.
In this study, a GC-MS technique was applied to determine 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2), an active ingredient of oral contraceptives, and its fate in Lake Quinsigamond, Massachusetts, USA. To the knowledge of the authors, this is the first study of EE2 and its microbial and photochemical degradation in a lake ecosystem. EE2 was detected at a concentration up to 11.1 ng L(-1). At this concentration EE2 may affect the reproduction of fish and other aquatic organisms in the lake due to its high estrogenic activity. EE2 was persistent to the biodegradation by the microorganisms in the lake. Under aerobic conditions a long lag phase (42 days) was observed before the biodegradation of EE2 and a half-life of 108 days was estimated. Under anaerobic conditions, EE2 experienced even a longer acclimation stage (63 days) and a slower microbial degradation in the lake water. The photodegradation of EE2 was rapid in the lake surface water under natural sunlight, with a half-life of less than 2 days in summer sunny days. Compared to biodegradation, photodegradation may represent a predominant removal mechanism for EE2 in natural surface waters.
在这项研究中，应用 GC-MS 技术来测定 17α-乙炔基雌二醇（EE2），一种口服避孕药的活性成分，及其在美国马萨诸塞州昆西格蒙德湖中的命运。据作者所知，这是首次研究 EE2 及其在湖泊生态系统中的微生物和光化学降解。EE2 的浓度高达 11.1ng/L。在这个浓度下，EE2 可能由于其高雌激素活性而影响湖泊中的鱼类和其他水生生物的繁殖。EE2 对湖泊中微生物的生物降解具有持久性。在有氧条件下，在 EE2 的生物降解之前观察到一个长达 42 天的长潜伏期，估计半衰期为 108 天。在厌氧条件下，EE2 在湖水中经历了更长的适应阶段（63 天）和更缓慢的微生物降解。EE2 在自然阳光的湖表水中光降解迅速，在夏季晴天的半衰期不到 2 天。与生物降解相比，光降解可能是 EE2 在自然地表水去除的主要机制。
