Kruk Joanna
Faculty of Physical Culture and Health Promotion, University of Szczecin, Poland.
Contemp Oncol (Pozn). 2012;16(6):576-81. doi: 10.5114/wo.2012.32493. Epub 2013 Jan 4.
Recreational physical activity has been consistently associated with lower breast cancer risk, but there is a need to study the intensity and duration of activity that are critical to reduce the risk. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of moderate and vigorous intensity of recreational physical activity performed at different age periods on breast cancer risk.
The case-control study included 858 women with histological confirmation of invasive breast cancer and 1085 women free of any cancer diagnosis, residents of the region of Western Pomerania, aged 28-79 years. The frequency, duration and intensity of lifetime household, occupational and recreational physical activity, sociodemographic characteristics, reproductive factors, family history of breast cancer, current weight and height, and lifestyle habits were measured using a self-administered questionnaire. Unconditional logistic regression analyses were applied to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The risk estimates were controlled for potential risk factors and lifetime household and occupational activities.
We found a risk reduction for recreational activity done early in life (age periods 14-20, 21-34, 35-50 years), particularly at ages 14-20 and 21-34 years, regardless of intensity. Active women engaging in more than 4.5 hours per week of moderate activity during ages 14-20 years had, on average, a 36% lower risk (OR = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.45-0.89) than women who were never or rarely active. For the women who reported 4.5 hours per week of vigorous activity during this period we found about 64% risk reduction (OR = 0.36, 95% CI: 0.26-0.51). For the period after 50 years of age, recreational activity of moderate or vigorous intensity was not significantly associated with the risk.
Recreational physical activity of moderate or vigorous intensity done during adolescence, early and middle adulthood, particularly at ages 14-20 and 21-34 years, is associated with significantly decreased breast cancer risk.
休闲体育活动一直与较低的乳腺癌风险相关，但有必要研究对降低风险至关重要的活动强度和持续时间。本研究的目的是探讨在不同年龄段进行的中等强度和高强度休闲体育活动对乳腺癌风险的影响。
这项病例对照研究纳入了858名经组织学确诊为浸润性乳腺癌的女性和1085名未患任何癌症的女性，她们均为西波美拉尼亚地区的居民，年龄在28 - 79岁之间。使用自填式问卷测量一生的家庭、职业和休闲体育活动的频率、持续时间和强度、社会人口学特征、生殖因素、乳腺癌家族史、当前体重和身高以及生活方式习惯。应用无条件逻辑回归分析来估计比值比（OR）和95%置信区间（CI）。风险估计对潜在风险因素以及一生的家庭和职业活动进行了控制。
我们发现早年（14 - 20岁、21 - 34岁、35 - 50岁年龄段）进行的休闲活动有风险降低，特别是在14 - 20岁和21 - 34岁时，无论强度如何。在14 - 20岁期间每周进行超过4.5小时中等强度活动的活跃女性，平均风险比从不或很少活动的女性低36%（OR = 0.64，95% CI：0.45 - 0.89）。对于在此期间报告每周进行4.5小时高强度活动的女性，我们发现风险降低约64%（OR = 0.36，95% CI：0.26 - 0.51）。对于50岁以后的时期，中等强度或高强度的休闲活动与风险无显著关联。
在青春期、成年早期和中期，特别是在14 - 20岁和21 - 34岁时进行的中等强度或高强度休闲体育活动与乳腺癌风险显著降低相关。
